Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuphepha kwama-manual chain hoists kwezolimo?

Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuphepha kwama-manual chain hoists kwezolimo?

1. Ukuhlola ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa

1.1 Hlola ubuqotho bempahla
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisai-hand chain hoistkwezolimo, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kobuqotho bemishini kufanele kwenziwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukuthi izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-hoist, njengendlu, iketango, ihhuku, ibhuleki, njll., ziphelele futhi azilimele. Ngokwezinqubo ezifanele zokusebenza zokuphepha, noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka, ukuqhekeka noma ukulimala kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yamathuluzi kungaholela ezingozini ezimbi zokuphepha. Isibonelo, iketango liyingxenye eyinhloko ye-hoist yeketango lezandla, futhi ubuqotho balo bubalulekile. Uma iketango liphuka noma likhubazekile, lingabangela into esindayo ukuba iwe ngokuzumayo, kubangele ukulimala noma ukulimala kwemishini. Ngakho-ke, isixhumanisi ngasinye seketango kufanele sihlolwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayikho inkinobho engalungile futhi akukho ukugqoka ngokweqile (kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa lapho ukugqoka kobubanzi beketanga kufinyelela ku-15%).

1.2 Hlola iketango nehhuku
Iketango nehhuku yizici ezibalulekile ze-hoist yeketango lezandla, futhi isimo sazo sithinta ngqo ukuphepha kokusetshenziswa. Iketango akufanele lisonte noma lisetshenziswe kumucu owodwa, futhi izinga lokuguga kweketango kufanele libe ngaphakathi kwebanga elivumelekile. I-hook kufanele iqine futhi ithembekile, ngaphandle kokuguqulwa, ukuqhekeka noma ukugqoka ngokweqile. Ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza zokuphepha, i-hook kufanele ishintshwe ngokushesha lapho ukugqoka kudlula i-10%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvulwa kwe-hook akufanele kudlule i-15% yobukhulu bokuqala, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuphepha kwayo kuzoncishiswa. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, amathuluzi okulinganisa ochwepheshe kufanele asetshenziselwe ukuhlola iketango nehhuku ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayahlangabezana namazinga okuphepha. Isibonelo, ezimeni zezolimo, uma imikhiqizo yezolimo esindayo noma izinto zokusebenza zidinga ukuphakanyiswa, ukwethembeka kweketango nehhuku kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma inkinga seyenzekile, ingase yenze izinto ezinzima ziwe, kubangele ukulimala okubi komuntu siqu kanye nokulahlekelwa yimpahla.

2. Izidingo zomsebenzisi

2.1 Ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe
Abasebenzisi abasebenzisa i-manual chain hoist kwezolimo kumele bathole ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe. Okuqukethwe kokuqeqeshwa kufanele kufake izimiso eziyisisekelo zezinto zokusebenza, izinqubo zokusebenza, izinyathelo zokuphepha kanye nezinyathelo zokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo. Ngokwemithethonqubo efanele yokuphepha, abasebenzi abangakalutholi ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe abavunyelwe ukusebenzisa amaketanga okwenziwa ngesandla. Ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kufake lokhu okulandelayo:
Isimiso sezisetshenziswa kanye nesakhiwo: Ama-opharetha adinga ukuqonda isimiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza sama-hoists amaketango okwenziwa ngesandla, okuhlanganisa indlela yokudlulisa iketango, indima yebhuleki, kanye nendlela yokuthwala umthwalo wehhuku. Isibonelo, ukuqonda ukuthi ukushuba kweketango kudluliselwa kanjani kuhhuku ngamagiya kungasiza abaqhubi bagweme ukusebenza kokugcwala kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
Izinqubo zokusebenza kanye nemininingwane: Ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kuchaze izinqubo zokusebenza ngokuningiliziwe, okuhlanganisa indlela yokufaka kahle okokusebenza, indlela yokuphakamisa nokwehlisa izinto ezinzima, kanye nendlela yokugwema imisebenzi engaphephile njengokudonsa i-oblique nokuphakamisa. Ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza eziphephile, opharetha kufanele bahlale bezinzile lapho bedonsa iketango futhi bagweme ukusheshisa okungazelelwe noma ukwehla ukuze bagweme ukuminya noma ukuphuka kweketango.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha: Abasebenzisi kufanele bazi futhi balandele ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza eziphephile. Isibonelo, ukuphakamisa umthwalo omningi kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele, futhi isisindo sokuphakamisa akufanele sidlule umthwalo olinganiselwe wezinto zokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, opharetha kufanele baqonde izidingo zokusebenza kokuphepha ezindaweni ezahlukene. Isibonelo, uma isetshenziswa endaweni enomswakama, qaphela ukufakwa kukagesi ukuze uvimbele ukuvuza.
Izinyathelo zokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo: Ukuqeqeshwa kufanele futhi kufake nezinyathelo zokusabela ezimweni eziphuthumayo, njengokuthi abaqhubi kufanele bathathe kanjani izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuze bagweme ukulimala nokulahlekelwa kwempahla lapho okokusebenza kungasebenzi noma izinto ezinzima ziwe. Isibonelo, uma kutholakala i-chain jam, ukusebenza kufanele kumiswe ngokushesha, futhi izinto ezinzima kufanele zifakwe ngaphambi kokulungiswa.

2.2 Ukugqoka izinto zokuzivikela
Lapho usebenzisa i-hoist yeketango lezandla, umqhubi kufanele agqoke okokuvikela okufanele ukuze anciphise ubungozi bezingozi ezingase zenzeke ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokuzivikela kufanele zifake kodwa zingagcini kulokhu okulandelayo:
Umakalabha wokuphepha: Endaweni yezolimo, abaqhubi bangase babhekane nengozi yokuwa kwezinto ezivela phezulu, njengamagatsha, amathuluzi, njll. Ukugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela kungavikela kahle ikhanda futhi kugweme ukulimala ekhanda.
Amagilavu ​​okuzivikela: Uma usebenzisa i-hoist yeketango lezandla, izandla zingase zihlangane nezingxenye zensimbi njengamaketango namahhuku, ezijwayele ukuklwebheka noma ukulimala okuchotshozwayo. Ukugqoka amagilavu ​​okuzivikela kungavikela izandla futhi kunikeze nokubamba okungcono.
Izicathulo ezimelene nokushelela: Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, u-opharetha udinga ukuhamba futhi ame ezindaweni ezahlukene. Izicathulo ezilwa nokushelela zinganikeza ukubamba okuhle ukuvimbela ukushelela, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezimanzi noma ezinodaka.
Izibuko ezivikelayo: Phakathi nenqubo yokuphakamisa, kungase kube nothuli, imfucumfucu nokunye okufafaza okungase kubangele umonakalo emehlweni. Ukugqoka izibuko zokuzivikela kungavikela ngokuphumelelayo amehlo futhi kugweme ukulimala kwamehlo.
Ama-earplugs noma ama-earmuff: Uma indawo yokusebenza inomsindo, njengasendaweni yokusebenzela imishini noma ipulazi elikhulu, ukufaka izixhumo ezindlebeni noma izindlebe kungavikela ukuzwa futhi kugweme ukungezwa okubangelwa ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinomsindo omkhulu.
Ngokuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe kanye nokugqoka okokuvikela okufanele, ukuqwashisa ngokuphepha kanye namakhono okusebenza kwabaqhubi kungathuthukiswa ngokuphawulekayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ngempumelelo ubungozi bokuphepha lapho kusetshenziswa amaketango aphathwayo kwezolimo.

3. Ukulungiswa kwendawo yokusebenza

3.1 Qinisekisa ukuphepha kwendawo yokusebenza
Uma usebenzisa ama-manuwali chain hoists kwezolimo, ukuphepha kwendawo yokusebenza kubalulekile. Okulandelayo yizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwendawo yokusebenza:
Sula imfucumfucu: Indawo okusetshenzwa kuyo kufanele igcinwe ihlanzekile futhi yonke imfucumfucu engase ivimbe ukusebenza noma ibangele abantu bakhubeke kufanele isuswe. Isibonelo, epulazini, amatshe, amagatsha, amathuluzi, njll. phansi kufanele kususwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi opharetha unendawo eyanele yokuhamba.
Setha intambo: Misa intambo ecacile eduze kwendawo yokusebenza ukuze uvikele abasebenzi abangagunyaziwe ukuthi bangangeni. Ikakhulukazi lapho uphakamisa imikhiqizo yezolimo esindayo noma izinto zokusebenza, i-cordon ingavimbela ngempumelelo abantu ukuthi bangene ngephutha endaweni eyingozi.
Hlola ukusimama komhlaba: Inhlabathi endaweni yokusebenza kufanele iqine futhi isicaba ukuze ugweme ukutsheka kwemishini noma ukushelela ngenxa yokuwa komhlabathi noma ukungalingani. Isibonelo, endaweni yokulima, uma umhlabathi uthambile kakhulu noma unodaka, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuqinisa, njengokubeka amapuleti ensimbi noma amaphedi.
Gwema isimo sezulu esibi: Ezimweni ezimbi zesimo sezulu (ezifana nemimoya enamandla, izimvula ezinamandla, umbani, njll.), i-hoist yamaketango okwenziwa ngesandla kufanele imiswe. Ngokwemithetho efanele yezokuphepha, imisebenzi yokuphakamisa ayivunyelwe uma amandla omoya edlula izinga lesi-6. Isimo sezulu esibi ngeke nje sandise ubunzima bokusebenza, kodwa futhi singabangela ukuthi okokusebenza kulahlekelwe ukulawula noma konakaliswe.

3.2 Hlola indawo yokusekela yokumiswa
Ukuqina nokuzinza kwephoyinti lokusekela lokumiswa yizici ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwe-hoist yeketango lezandla. Okulandelayo yizimfuneko ezithile zokuhlola iphoyinti lokusekela lokumiswa:
Hlola ukuqina kwephuzu lokusekela: Iphoyinti lokusekela le-hoist yeketango lokumiswa kufanele liqine futhi lithembeke ukuze limelane nesisindo esiphelele sempahla nezinto ezisindayo. Isibonelo, ezimweni zezolimo, uma imishayo yensimbi noma imishayo yokhuni isetshenziswa njengamaphuzu okusekela, kufanele ihlolwe ukuqhekeka, ukuguqulwa noma ukugqwala. Ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza zokuphepha, umthamo wokuthwala wephoyinti lokusekela kufanele ube okungenani izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kunomthwalo olinganiselwe we-hoist yeketanga lemanuwali.
Gwema ukudonsa nokuphakamisa i-oblique: Iphoyinti lokusekela lokumiswa kufanele ligcinwe liqondile ku-hook ye-hoist yeketanga lemanuwali, futhi ukudonsa nge-oblique nokuphakamisa akuvunyelwe ngokuqinile. Ukudonsa i-Oblique nokuphakamisa kuzodala amandla angalingani eketangeni futhi kwandise ingozi yokuphuka kwamaketanga. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isikhungo se-gravity ye-hook nesisindo sisemgqeni ofanayo oqondile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokusebenza.
Hlola ingxenye yokuxhumana yephoyinti lokusekela: Uma iphuzu lokusekela lilungiswe ngokushisela noma ukubhowula, hlola ukuthi ingxenye yokuxhuma iqinile futhi ithembekile. Isibonelo, indawo ye-welding kufanele ingabi namaphutha njengokuqhekeka nokungena okungaphelele, futhi ama-bolts kufanele aqiniswe futhi angakhululeki. Ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ezifanele, i-torque yokuqinisa ama-bolts kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuklama.
Hlola iphuzu lokusekela njalo: Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, isimo sephoyinti lokusekela lokumiswa kufanele sihlolwe njalo, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa njalo noma imithwalo esindayo. Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye ngenyanga ukuze kutholakale ngokushesha futhi kubhekwane nezingozi ezingaba khona zokuphepha.

4. Imininingwane yenqubo yokusebenza

4.1 Ukuthobela izinyathelo zokusebenza
Uma usebenzisa ama-manuwali chain hoists kwezolimo, ukulandela ngokuqinile izinyathelo zokusebenza kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha. Okulandelayo yizinyathelo ezinemininingwane yokusebenza nezinyathelo zokuphepha:
Ukufaka nokulungisa iphutha: Uma ufaka i-hoist yeketango lezandla, qiniseka ukuthi isikhungo se-gravity yehuku nesisindo kumugqa ofanayo oqondile ukuze ugweme ukudonsa nokuphakamisa i-oblique ngenxa yokufakwa okungalungile. Ngemuva kokuthi ukufakwa sekuqediwe, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlola ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi iketango libushelelezi yini nokuthi ibhuleki liyagobeka futhi lithembekile yini. Isibonelo, lapho udonsa iketango, qiniseka ukuthi iketango alivimbekile futhi ibhuleki likwazi ukubhuleka ngokushesha ukuvimbela isisindo ukuthi singasheleli phansi.
Ukusebenza kokuphakamisa: Ngaphambi kokuphakamisa, qiniseka ukuthi isisindo sifakwe ngendlela efanele kuhhuku futhi indlela yokuvula ihhuku ilungile ukuvimbela isisindo ukuthi singasheleli. Lapho uphakamisa, u-opharetha kufanele adonse iketango kancane ukuze agweme amandla angazelelwe ukugwema ukuminya noma ukuphuka kweketango. Ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza zokuphepha, iketango kufanele ligcinwe limile ngesikhathi liphakamisa, futhi linqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusonta iketango noma ukusebenzisa umucu owodwa. Isibonelo, lapho bephakamisa imikhiqizo yezolimo esindayo, abaqhubi kufanele bagcine isivinini sokusebenza esiqinile ukuze bagweme ukuzamazama noma ukuwa kwezinto ezisindayo ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle.
Ukuhlala nokulungisa emoyeni: Lapho izinto ezisindayo zidinga ukuhlala isikhathi eside emoyeni, iketango lesandla kufanele liboshwe eketango eliphakamisayo, futhi intambo yokuphepha kufanele yengezwe ezintweni ezisindayo. Lesi silinganiso singanqanda ngempumelelo izingozi zezinto ezisindayo ezishelela phansi ngenxa yokuhluleka kwamabhuleki. Isibonelo, ezimeni zezolimo, uma izinto ezisindayo zidinga ukuphakanyiswa ziyiswe endaweni ephakeme ukuze zifakwe noma zilungiswe, intambo yokuphepha inganikeza ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe ukuvikela izinto ezisindayo ukuthi zingawi ngengozi.
Ukusebenza kokwehlisa: Lapho wehlisa izinto ezisindayo, iketango kufanele futhi lidonswe kancane ukugwema ukuxegisa iketango ngokuzumayo, okubangela ukuba izinto ezisindayo ziwe ngokushesha. Lapho izinto ezisindayo ziseduze nomhlabathi, ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kufanele kuthathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezisindayo zihlala ngokushelela. Ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza zokuphepha, ngemva kokwehlisa izinto ezinzima, i-hook kanye neketanga le-hoist ye-manual chain hoist kufanele isuswe ukuze kugwenywe izingozi emisebenzini elandelayo.

4.2 Gwema ukulayisha ngokweqile nokudonsa nge-oblique
Ukulayishwa ngokweqile kanye nokudonsa okutshekile kuyizimbangela ezivamile zezingozi zokuphepha zamaketanga okwenziwa ngesandla futhi kufanele kugwenywe ngokuqinile:
Ukulayishwa ngokweqile kunqatshelwe ngokuqinile: Umthwalo olinganiselwe we-hoist yeketango lezandla unqunywa ngokuya ngomklamo wawo namandla wezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kungabangela ukulimala kwemishini futhi kubangele nezingozi ezimbi kakhulu zokuphepha. Ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza zokuphepha, opharetha kufanele acacise umthwalo olinganiselwe wezinto zokusebenza ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa futhi aqinisekise ukuthi isisindo sokuphakamisa asidluli leli nani. Isibonelo, uma umthwalo olinganiselwe we-hoist yeketango owenziwe ngesandla uyithani elingu-1, futhi isisindo sokuphakamisa sidlula ithani elingu-1, kungase kubangele ukuphuka kweketango noma ihhuku bonakale, kubangele abalimala kanye nokulimala kwemishini.
Gwema ukudonsa nokuphakamisa i-oblique: Ukudonsa i-Oblique nokuphakamisa kuzodala amandla angalingani eketangeni futhi kwandise ingozi yokuphuka kweketango. Ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza zokuphepha, isikhungo se-gravity ye-hook nesisindo kufanele sigcinwe emgqeni ofanayo oqondile, futhi ukudonsa nokuphakamisa i-oblique kuvinjelwe ngokuqinile. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, uma kutholakala ukuthi isikhungo se-gravity ye-hook nesisindo asikho emgqeni ofanayo oqondile, indawo ye-hook noma indlela yokukhuphuka yesisindo kufanele ilungiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokusebenza. Isibonelo, ezimweni zezolimo, uma into esindayo emise ngendlela engavamile idinga ukuphakanyiswa, ihhuku kufanele ihambisane nendawo yamandla adonsela phansi ento esindayo ukuze kugwenywe izingozi zokuphepha ezibangelwa ukuphakamisa i-oblique.

5. Ukuhlolwa kwedivayisi yokuphepha

5.1 Hlola ibhuleki
Ibhuleki iyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile sokuphepha sama-manual chain hoists, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuthinta ngqo ukuphepha kwezinto zokusebenza. Uma usebenzisa ama-manual chain hoists kwezolimo, ukuhlolwa kwebhuleki kubalulekile.
Hlola ukuguquguquka kwebhuleki: Ibhuleki kufanele likwazi ukuphendula ngokushesha ezenzweni zomqhubi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubhuleka ngesikhathi lapho iketango lidonsa. Ngokwezindinganiso zokuphepha ezifanele, isikhathi sokubhuleka sebhuleki kufanele sibe ngaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-0.5. Isibonelo, ekusebenzeni kwangempela, u-opharetha angakwazi ukubona ukuthi ibhuleki lingakwazi yini ukubhuleka ngokushesha ukuvimbela into esindayo ukuthi ingasheleli phansi ngokudonsa iketango futhi ilidedele kungazelelwe.
Hlola ukuthembeka kwebhuleki: Ukwethembeka kwebhuleki kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha. I-friction pad ye-brake kufanele ihlolwe njalo ngokuguga ngokweqile nokuthi intwasahlobo ikhululekile noma yonakele. Ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza zokuphepha, lapho ukugqokwa kwephedi lokushayisana kudlula u-30% wobukhulu bokuqala, kufanele kushintshwe ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunwebeka kwentwasahlobo kufanele kugcinwe kukuhle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ibhuleki likwazi ukumelana namandla okubhuleka anele. Isibonelo, ezimeni zezolimo, uma i-friction pad yebhuleki iguge kakhulu, ingabangela ukuthi ibhuleki lihluleke, kubangele ukuba into esindayo iwe ngokuzumayo futhi kubangele ingozi yezokuphepha.
Hlola ukulungiswa kwebhuleki: Ukulungiswa kwebhuleki kufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile ngaphansi komthwalo olinganiselwe. Ngokwamazinga afanelekile, amandla okubhuleka webhuleki kufanele akwazi ukumelana izikhathi ezingu-1.2 nomthwalo olinganiselwe wezinto zokusebenza. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola, ungakwazi ukulingisa ukuphakanyiswa komthwalo olinganiselwe ukuze ubone ukuthi ibhuleki lingakwazi yini ukubhuleka ngokuqinile futhi livimbele into esindayo ukuthi ingasheleli phansi.

5.2 Hlola idivayisi ezikhiyelayo
Idivayisi yokuzikhiya ingenye ithuluzi lokuphepha elibalulekile le-hoist chain hoist. Ingakwazi ukukhiya ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho okokusebenza kwehluleka noma ukusebenza kungalungile ukuvimbela into esindayo ukuthi ingawi.
Hlola ukuzwela komshini ozikhiyelayo: Umshini ozikhiyelayo kufanele ukwazi ukuphendula futhi ukhiye ngokushesha uma iketango lingajwayelekile. Ngokwamazinga okuphepha afanelekile, isikhathi sokuphendula somshini ozikhiyayo kufanele sibe ngaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-0.3. Isibonelo, ekusebenzeni kwangempela, ungakwazi ukulingisa isimo sokugxuma kweketango noma ukuphuka ukuze ubone ukuthi idivayisi ezivalelayo ingakwazi yini ukukhiya ngokushesha ukuvimbela into esindayo ukuthi ingawi.
Hlola ukuthembeka kwedivayisi ezikhiyelayo: Ukuthembeka kwedivayisi ezikhiyelayo kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha. Izingxenye eziwumshini zomshini ozikhiyayo kufanele zihlolwe njalo ukuthi azigugile noma azilimele yini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zingasebenza kahle. Ngokwezinqubo zokusebenza zokuphepha, izingxenye zemishini zedivayisi yokuzikhiya kufanele zishintshwe ngokushesha lapho ukuguga kudlula u-20% wobukhulu bokuqala. Ukwengeza, amandla okukhiya omshini ozikhiyayo kufanele ahlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingakhiywa ngokuzinzile ngaphansi komthwalo olinganiselwe. Isibonelo, ezimweni zezolimo, uma izingxenye zemishini yedivayisi yokuzikhiya zigugile kakhulu, kungabangela ukwehluleka ukuzikhiya, okubangela ukuba into esindayo iwe ngokuzumayo, okubangela ingozi yokuphepha.
Hlola ukulungiswa komshini ozikhiyayo: Ukulungiswa komshini ozikhiyelayo kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi ukwazi ukuzikhiya uma impahla ingajwayelekile. Ngokwamazinga afanelekile, amandla okukhiya edivayisi ezivalelayo kufanele akwazi ukumelana izikhathi ezingu-1.5 nomthwalo olinganiselwe wezinto zokusebenza. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola, ungakwazi ukulingisa isimo esingejwayelekile sempahla ukuze ubone ukuthi idivayisi yokuzikhiya ingakhiywa ngendlela efanele yini ukuvikela ukuthi into esindayo ingawi.

6. Ukunakekela nokunakekela

6.1 Ukugcoba njalo
Ukugcotshwa okuvamile kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile nokwelula impilo yesevisi ye-hoist yeketango lezandla. Ukugcotshwa kunganciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ezifana namaketango namagiya, kunciphise izinga lokuguga, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwezinto zokusebenza. Ngokweziqondiso ezifanele zokunakekela, iketango namagiya e-hoist yeketango lezandla kufanele kugcotshwe njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Ezindaweni zezolimo, ngenxa yothuli oluphezulu nokungcola, umjikelezo wokugcoba kungase kudingeke ufinyezwe kube kanye ngesonto. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa okokugcoba okufanele, futhi imodeli yokugcoba etuswe umenzi wezinto zokusebenza kufanele kukhethwe. Isibonelo, kuketango, okokugcoba okunokugqwala nokuvikela ukugqwala kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuvimbela iketango ukuthi lingagqwali ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside endaweni enomswakama. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokugcoba, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-lubricant isetshenziswa ngokulinganayo kusixhumanisi ngasinye seketanga kanye nezinyo ngalinye legiya. Ukwengeza, uvivinyo kufanele lwenziwe ngemva kokugcotshwa ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi okokusebenza kusebenza ngokujwayelekile yini.

6.2 Bheka njalo ukugqokwa kweketango
Iketango liyingxenye eyinhloko ye-hoist ye-manuwali chain, futhi izinga layo lokugqoka lithinta ngokuqondile ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwezinto zokusebenza. Ukuhlola njalo ukuguga kweketango kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuvimbela ukwehluleka kwemishini kanye nezingozi zokuphepha. Ngokwezindinganiso zokuphepha ezifanele, lapho ukugqokwa kweketango kufinyelela ku-15% we-diameter yokuqala, iketango kufanele limiswe futhi lishintshwe ngokushesha. Ezimweni zezolimo, iketango lingase ligqoke ngokushesha ngenxa yokusetshenziswa njalo nokusebenza kwemithwalo esindayo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlolwa okunemininingwane yokugqoka amaketanga kanye ngenyanga. Uma uhlola, amathuluzi okulinganisa angochwepheshe njengama-vernier caliper kufanele asetshenziselwe ukukala ububanzi beketango nobukhulu beringi yeketango. Ngaphezu kokugqoka kwe-diameter, iketango kufanele futhi lihlolwe ukuguqulwa, ukuqhekeka noma ukusonteka. Uma iketango litholakala line-deformation esobala noma imifantu, kufanele lishintshwe ngokushesha ngisho noma inani lokugqoka lingahlangabezani nezinga elijwayelekile. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokugqoka kweketango akukwazi nje ukubona izingozi ezingase zibe khona ngesikhathi, kodwa futhi kunwebe ngempumelelo impilo yesevisi yeketango.

7. Izinyathelo zokwelapha izimo eziphuthumayo

7.1 Ukwelashwa kwe-chain jam
Uma usebenzisa ama-manuwali chain hoist kwezolimo, i-chain jam yisimo esiphuthumayo esivamile, futhi ukuphatha okungalungile kungase kubangele ukulimala kwemishini noma izingozi zokuphepha. Okulandelayo yizinyathelo eziqondile zokubhekana ne-chain jam:
Misa ukusebenza ngokushesha: Uma iketango litholakala liboshiwe, u-opharetha kufanele ayeke ukudonsa iketango ngokushesha ukuze agweme ukuphuka kweketango noma ukulimala kwemishini ngenxa yokusebenza ngempoqo.
Hlola imbangela ye-jam: Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha, hlola ngokucophelela imbangela ethile ye-jam yeketango. Izimbangela ezijwayelekile zifaka ukuboshwa kweketango, ukugxuma komzimba wangaphandle, noma izinkinga zokuxhuma phakathi kweketango nehhuku. Isibonelo, ezimweni zezolimo, izinto zangaphandle ezifana namagatsha namathuluzi zingawela eketangeni, okubangele ukuthi iketango libhajwe.
Hlanza izinto zangaphandle: Uma iketango libhajwe ngenxa yezinto zangaphandle, izinto zangaphandle kufanele zihlanzwe ngokucophelela. Sebenzisa amathuluzi afanelekile njengephinifa noma izikrufu ukuze ususe izinto zangaphandle. Phakathi nenqubo yokuhlanza, ukuphepha komqhubi kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukugwema ukulimala kwezandla ngenxa yokusebenza okungalungile.
Lungisa iketango: Uma iketango libhajwe ngenxa yokubosheka kweketango noma ukuxhumana okungafanele, indawo yeketango kufanele ilungiswe ngokucophelela. Qinisekisa ukuthi iketango libushelelezi futhi alivimbeli, futhi ukuxhumana nehhuku kuqinile futhi kuthembekile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa, gwema ukusebenzisa amandla angaphandle amaningi eketango ukuze ugweme ukuwohloka noma ukulimala kweketango.
Hlola okokusebenza: I-Chain jam ingase ithinte ezinye izingxenye zemishini, ngakho ngemva kokuhlanza izinto zangaphandle noma ukulungisa iketango, ezinye izingxenye zemishini kufanele zihlolwe ngokugcwele. Kubandakanya izingxenye ezibalulekile njengamaketango, izingwegwe, amabhuleki, njll., ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi azonakaliswa noma azivamile. Uma kukhona izinkinga ezitholakalayo, kufanele zilungiswe noma zishintshwe ngesikhathi.
Yenza ukuqalisa kwesilingo: Ngemva kokuqeda ukuhlola nokulungiswa okungenhla, ukuqaliswa kwesilingo kufanele kwenziwe. Donsa iketango kancane ukuze ubone ukuthi iketango libushelelezi yini nokuthi ibhuleki lisebenza kahle yini. Uma kutholakala noma yikuphi okungavamile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ukusebenza kufanele kumiswe ngokushesha ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kulungiswe.

7.2 Ukuphatha Amaphutha Empahla
Ama-hand chain hoists angase ahlangabezane nokwehluleka okuhlukahlukene kwemishini ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ukuphatha amaphutha ngesikhathi nangesikhathi esifanele kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa. Okulandelayo yizinyathelo eziqondile zokuphatha iphutha lemishini:
Misa ukusebenza ngokushesha: Uma kutholakala iphutha entweni esetshenziswayo, njengokuhluleka kwamabhuleki, ukuphuka kweketango, noma ukulimala kwehhuku, osebenza naye kufanele amise ukusebenza ngokushesha. Gwema izingozi ezingathi sína zokuphepha ezibangelwa ukuqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kwemishini engalungile.
Nqamula ugesi (uma ukhona): Lapho uphatha ukwehluleka kwezisetshenziswa, uma okokusebenza kuxhunywe kugesi (njenge-hoist kagesi), ugesi kufanele unqanyulwe ngokushesha. Lokhu kungavimbela ngempumelelo izingozi zokushaqeka kukagesi ezibangelwa ukungasebenzi kukagesi.
Setha izimpawu eziyisixwayiso: Misa izimpawu ezisobala eziyisixwayiso emshinini onephutha ukuze uvimbele izisebenzi ezingabalulekile ukuthi zisondele. Isibonelo, ezimeni zezolimo, amateyipu ezixwayiso noma izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zingasetshenziswa ukukhumbuza abantu abaseduze ukuthi banake ukuphepha.
Hlola imbangela yephutha: Ngokwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha, hlola ngokucophelela imbangela ethile yokwehluleka kwemishini. Izimbangela ezivamile zokwehluleka zihlanganisa ukuguga kwamabhuleki, ukuguga kweketango elidlulele, ukulimala kwehhuku, ukuminya kwegiya, njll. Isibonelo, uma ibhuleki lihluleka, kungase kubangelwe ukuguga ngokweqile kwe-friction plate noma intwasahlobo exegayo.
Xhumana nabasebenzi abalungisayo abaqeqeshiwe: Ngokwehluleka kwemishini eyinkimbinkimbi, izisebenzi ezilungisayo kufanele zithintwe ngokushesha ukuze zicutshungulwe. Izisebenzi ezinakekela isondlo zinolwazi olucebile kanye nobuchule, futhi zingakwazi ukuxilonga nokulungisa amaphutha ngokushesha nangokunembile. Ngenkathi kusalindwe ukufika kwabasebenzi abalungisayo, isiza kufanele sivikelwe ukuze kuvinjwe imishini engalungile ukuthi isetshenziswe kabi.
Rekhoda imininingwane yephutha: Rekhoda isikhathi, isenzeko, imbangela kanye nenqubo yokwelapha yokwehluleka kwemishini ngokuningiliziwe. Lolu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlaziyeni imbangela yokwehluleka, ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokulungisa izinto zokusebenza, kanye nokuvimbela ukwehluleka okufanayo ukuthi kungenzeki futhi. Isibonelo, ngokurekhoda ulwazi lwamaphutha, kungenzeka ukuthola izinkinga ezijwayele ukwenzeka kumishini ngaphansi kwezindawo ezithile noma izimo zokusetshenziswa, ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezihlosiwe.
Yenza ukuhlola nokunakekela imishini: Ngemva kokuba iphutha selilungisiwe, okokusebenza kufanele kuhlolwe futhi kunakekelwe ngokuphelele. Kubandakanya ukugcoba iketango, ukuhlola ukuguga kwezingxenye ezibalulekile njengamabhuleki namahhuku. Qinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kungasebenza ngokujwayelekile ngemva kokulungiswa ukuze kugwenywe ukuphindeka ngenxa yezinkinga ezisele.