Yini okufanele inakwe ekugcinweni kwentambo yezintambo zikagesi

Yini okufanele inakwe ekugcinweni kwentambo yezintambo zikagesi

1. Ukuhlola njalo
1.1 Hlola ukuguga nokulimala kwentambo yocingo
Intambo yocingo iyingxenye esemqoka yei-hoist kagesi, futhi ukuguga nokulimala kwayo kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokuphepha kanye nempilo yesevisi yemishini. Kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo ukuguga nokulimala kwentambo yocingo.
Izinga lokuguga: Intambo yocingo izoguga kancane kancane ngenxa yokungqubuzana ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Lapho ukuguga ebusweni bentambo yocingo kufinyelela ku-10% wobubanzi bayo, intambo yocingo kufanele ishintshwe. Ukugqoka kuzobangela amandla entambo yocingo ukuba ehle futhi kwandise ingozi yokuphuka. Isibonelo, ngaphansi kwesimo sokuphakanyiswa njalo kwezinto ezinzima, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwentambo yocingo kanye nesigubhu, i-pulley nezinye izingxenye kuzokwanda, futhi izinga lokugqoka lizosheshisa. Ngokukala njalo ububanzi bentambo yocingo, izinga layo lokugqoka lingahlulelwa ngokunembile.
Ukuphuka kocingo: Ukuphuka kocingo kuwuphawu olubalulekile lokulimala kwentambo yocingo. Uma inombolo yezintambo eziphukile ngobude obuthile (okungukuthi, ubude bendilinga eyodwa yentambo yocingo) idlula i-10% yenani eliphelele lezintambo, intambo yocingo kufanele ishintshwe ngokushesha. Ukuphuka kwentambo ngeke nje kunciphise umthamo wokuthwala wentambo yocingo, kodwa kungase futhi kubangele ukuba intambo yocingo igqabuke kungazelelwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okubangele izingozi zokuphepha. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphakamisa, uma intambo yocingo ingaphansi komthelela ongazelelwe noma ukulayisha ngokweqile, kulula ukubangela ukuphuka kocingo. Ukuhlola njalo intambo yocingo ukuze kutholakale izintambo eziphukile kungathola ngesikhathi esingaba izingozi zokuphepha.
Ukuwohloka: Intambo yocingo ingase yonakale ngesikhathi isetshenziswa, njengama-kinks, ama-wavy shapes, ukuhlanekezela okumise okwekheji, njll. Lokhu kugoba kuzophazamisa ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwentambo yocingo futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kwayo. Isibonelo, ama-kinks angalimaza isakhiwo sangaphakathi sentambo yocingo, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwamandla ayo kanye nokuguquguquka. Ukuguqulwa okumise okwegagasi kuzothinta ukusebenzisana phakathi kwentambo yocingo nesigubhu kanye ne-pulley, futhi kwandise ukuguga. Ukuhlola njalo ukuwohloka kwentambo yocingo, ungathatha izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi zokuyilungisa noma ukuyishintsha ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwemishini.
Ukugcotshwa: Ukugcotshwa okuhle kunganciphisa ukuguga kwentambo yocingo futhi kunwebe impilo yayo yesevisi. Njalo hlola ukugcotshwa kwentambo yocingo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi kukhona ifilimu yamafutha okugcoba iyunifomu ebusweni bayo. Uma ubuso bentambo yocingo bomile, amafutha okugcoba kufanele afakwe ngesikhathi. Amafutha okugcoba ngeke anciphise kuphela ukungqubuzana phakathi kwentambo yocingo kanye nesigubhu kanye ne-pulley, kodwa futhi avimbele intambo yocingo ukuthi ingagqwali. Isibonelo, endaweni enomswakama, intambo yocingo ivame ukugqwala. Ukugcoba okuvamile kungavimbela ngempumelelo ukugqwala futhi kuvikele ukusebenza kwentambo yocingo.
Imvamisa yokuhlola: Thola ukuvama kokuhlola okunengqondo okusekelwe ebuningini bokusetshenziswa nendawo yokusebenza ye-hoist kagesi. Kuma-hoists kagesi asetshenziswa njalo, kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokubukeka kwentambo yocingo kanye ngesonto; ngemishini esebenzisa kancane kancane, kwanele ukuyihlola kanye ngenyanga. Ezindaweni zokusebenza ezinzima, njengezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, umswakama, nothuli oluphezulu, imvamisa yokuhlola kufanele ikhuliswe ngokufanelekile. Isibonelo, indawo kagesi esetshenziswa kutheminali yechweba ijwayele ukugqwala ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside kumoya wasolwandle oswakeme, futhi imvamisa yokuhlola kufanele yandiswe ngokufanelekile.

2. Ukuhlanza nokunakekela
2.1 Ukuhlanza intambo yocingo nendawo ezungezile
Ukuhlanza intambo yocingo kanye nendawo eyizungezile kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwesixhumi sikagesi sentambo yentambo, okubaluleke kakhulu ekweluleni isikhathi sempahla kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile.
Ukuhlanza intambo yocingo: Intambo yocingo izongcoliswa uthuli, uwoyela, izinsimbi zensimbi nokunye ukungcola ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Lokhu kungcola kuzokwandisa ukuguga kwentambo yocingo futhi kunciphise impilo yayo yesevisi. Sebenzisa ibhulashi elithambile noma indwangu ehlanzekile ukuze ususe uthuli nokungcola ebusweni bentambo yocingo, futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa amathuluzi aqinile ukuze ugweme ukulimaza intambo yocingo. Ngamabala amafutha okunzima ukuwasusa, ama-detergents akhethekile angasetshenziselwa ukuhlanza, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukwakheka kwe-detergent ukugwema ukugqwala entanjeni yocingo. Ngemuva kokuhlanza, umswakama ongaphezulu kwentambo yocingo kufanele usule ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukugqwala.
Hlanza indawo ezungezile: Indawo ezungeze i-hoist kagesi izophinde ibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni nasekugcinweni kwempahla. Hlanza njalo imfucumfucu, uthuli namafutha azungeze i-hoist kagesi ukuze ugcine indawo yokusebenza ihlanzekile. Isibonelo, endaweni yokukhiqiza yezimboni, uthuli namafutha kungase kunqwabelene enjini, isinciphisi kanye nezinye izingxenye ze-hoist kagesi, kuthinte ukukhishwa kwayo kokushisa kanye nomthelela wokugcoba, bese kubangela ukwehluleka kwemishini. Ngokuhlanza indawo ezungezile, ukuguguleka kokungcola ezintweni zokusebenza kungancishiswa futhi amathuba okuhluleka angancishiswa.
Imvamisa yokuhlanza: Thola imvamisa yokuhlanza enengqondo ngokusekelwe endaweni okusetshenziswa kuyo kanye nokuqina komsebenzi wesixhumi sikagesi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kunconywa ukuhlanza kahle intambo yocingo kanye ngenyanga; ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, njengama-workshops anothuli olwengeziwe, imvamisa yokuhlanza kufanele ikhuphuke ibe kanye ngesonto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlanzwa okulula kwemvelo ezungeze i-hoist kagesi ngemva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye kunganciphisa ngokuphumelelayo ukuqoqwa kokungcola.
Ukuhlolwa ngemva kokuhlanza: Ngemva kokuhlanza intambo yocingo kanye nendawo ezungezile, ukuguga, ukuphuka kwentambo, ukuwohloka, njll. kwentambo yocingo kufanele kuphinde kuhlolwe, kanye nesimo sokusebenza sezinye izingxenye ze-hoist kagesi. Ngenhlanganisela yokuhlanza nokuhlola, izinkinga ezingaba khona zingatholwa futhi zisingathwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okokusebenza kuhlala kusesimweni esihle sokusebenza.

3. Vimbela ukugoba ngokweqile
3.1 Sebenzisa amadivaysi omhlahlandlela ukugcina irediyasi egobayo enengqondo
Ukugoba ngokweqile kungenye yezimbangela ezibalulekile zokulimala kokukhathala ezintanjeni zocingo ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ukuze uvimbele ngempumelelo ukugoba ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amadivaysi omhlahlandlela ukuze ugcine irediyasi yokugoba enengqondo.
Umsebenzi womshini wokuqondisa: Ithuluzi eliqondisayo lingaqondisa intambo yocingo ukuthi ihambe endleleni efanele futhi igweme ukugoba okungavamile kwentambo yocingo ngesikhathi sokusongwa nokukhulula. Isibonelo, endleleni yokuphakamisa i-hoist kagesi, i-pulley eqondisayo ingaqinisekisa ukuthi i-engeli phakathi kwentambo yocingo nesigubhu igcinwa ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele, kunciphisa amandla aseceleni kanye nokucindezeleka okugoba kwentambo yocingo.
Ukunqunywa kwerediyasi egobayo enengqondo: Ngokuhambisana nobubanzi nokwakheka kwentambo yocingo, irediyasi yokugoba enengqondo akufanele ibe ngaphansi ngokuphindwe ka-20 ububanzi bentambo yocingo. Isibonelo, ngentambo yocingo enobubanzi obuyi-10 mm, i-radius yayo yokugoba enengqondo akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-200 mm. Ukugoba okuncane kakhulu kweradiyasi kuzonyusa ingcindezi egotshwayo yentambo yocingo, kubangele ukukhathala kokuphuka kwamafayibha ngaphakathi kwentambo yocingo, ngaleyo ndlela kufinyeze impilo yesevisi yentambo yocingo.
Ukufakwa nokulungiswa kwensiza yomhlahlandlela: Umshini wokuqondisa kufanele ufakwe endaweni efanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intambo yocingo ingadlula kahle. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukulungiswa okunembile ngokusho kwesakhiwo esithile se-hoist kagesi kanye nesiqondiso sentambo yocingo ukuze idivayisi yomhlahlandlela kanye nesigubhu, i-pulley nezinye izingxenye zihambisane eduze. Isibonelo, lapho ufaka i-pulley yomhlahlandlela, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umugqa ophakathi we-pulley kanye nomugqa ophakathi wesigubhu usendizeni efanayo, futhi ibanga phakathi kwe-pulley nesigubhu lihlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama.
Njalo hlola umshini wokuqondisa: Igayidi yocingo ingase iguge, ixege noma ilimale ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kuphazamise umkhombandlela wayo entanjeni yocingo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuhlola njalo isimo sokusebenza sedivayisi yomhlahlandlela ukuze kutholwe futhi kulungiswe izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngesikhathi. Isibonelo, hlola ukuthi ingabe i-groove yesondo ye-pulley eqondisayo igugile kakhulu, ukuthi i-pulley ijikeleza ngokuguquguqukayo, noma ama-bolts okulungisa akhululekile, njll.
Ukuhlaziywa kwecala langempela: Eshabhu yokukhiqiza yefekthri, ngenxa yokufakwa okungafanele kwensiza yokuqondisa yesixhumi sikagesi, intambo yocingo ivamise ukugoba kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, kutholakale ukuthi indawo ye-pulley yomhlahlandlela yayisusiwe, okwenza i-engeli phakathi kwentambo yocingo kanye nesigubhu ibe nkulu kakhulu. Ngemva kokulungisa indawo ye-pulley yokuqondisa ukuze kugcinwe indawo egobayo yentambo yocingo ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele, impilo yesevisi yentambo yocingo yanwetshwa kakhulu kanye nokuzinza kokusebenza kwempahla nakho kwathuthukiswa.

4. Ukugcoba nokunakekela
4.1 Gcoba njalo intambo yocingo
Ukugcotshwa kwentambo yocingo kuyisixhumanisi esibalulekile emsebenzini wokunakekela, futhi isimo sawo sokuthambisa sihlobene ngqo nempilo yesevisi yentambo yocingo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezinto zokusebenza.
Ukubaluleka kokuthambisa: Ukuthambisa okuhle kunganciphisa kakhulu ukungqubuzana phakathi kwentambo yocingo nesigubhu kanye nepulley, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukuguga. Isibonelo, ngemva kokusetshenziswa njalo, izinga lokuguga lentambo yocingo engagcotshiwe lingase libe ngaphezu kuka-30% ngokushesha kunalelo lentambo yocingo egcotshwe kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcoba kungavimbela intambo yocingo ukuthi ingagqwali, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezigqwalile, lapho uwoyela wokugcoba ungakha ifilimu evikelayo ukuze ihlukanise umswakama nezinto ezigqwalayo.
Ukukhetha okokugcoba: Ukukhetha isithambiso esifanele kubalulekile ekunakekeleni izintambo zocingo. Izithambisi zezintambo zezintambo ezikhethekile kufanele zikhethwe, ezivame ukuba nezakhiwo ezinhle zokulwa nokuguga, ukubola kanye ne-anti-oxidation. Isibonelo, amanye ama-lubricant asebenza kahle angahlala azinzile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi afanele ama-hoists kagesi ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Gwema ukusebenzisa uwoyela ojwayelekile wemoto noma ibhotela, njengoba zingase zinganikezi isivikelo esanele futhi zingase zidale nokunqwabelana kokungcola phezu kwentambo yocingo.
Indlela yokugcoba: Uma kugcotshwa izintambo zocingo, amathuluzi okuthambisa akhethekile njengamabhulashi okugcoba noma izifutho zokuthambisa kufanele zisetshenziswe. Okokuqala, hlanza ingaphezulu lentambo yocingo ukuze ususe uthuli namabala amadala kawoyela. Bese, gcoba noma fafaza okokuthambisa ngokulinganayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi yonke ingxenye yentambo yocingo imboziwe. Ngezintambo zocingo ezinde, ukugcoba kungenziwa ngezigaba ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokugcoba. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthambisa, intambo yocingo ye-hoist kagesi inganyakaziswa iye phezulu naphansi kancane ukuze i-lubricant ingene ngokugcwele emicu yangaphakathi yentambo yocingo.
Ifrikhwensi yokuthambisa: Thola imvamisa yokugcoba enengqondo ngokusekelwe ebuningini bokusetshenziswa nendawo yokusebenza ye-hoist kagesi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza, kunconywa ukugcoba intambo yocingo kanye ngenyanga; ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ezinothuli noma ezisetshenziswa njalo, imvamisa yokugcoba kufanele yenyuswe ibe kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Isibonelo, kuma-hoists kagesi asetshenziswa ezindaweni zokwakha, ngenxa yokuphakanyiswa njalo kwezinto ezisindayo kanye nezindawo ezinokhahlo, imvamisa yokuthambisa yentambo yocingo kufanele inyuswe ngokufanelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo nokuphepha.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-post-lubrication: Ngemva kokugcotshwa, umphumela wokuthambisa wentambo yocingo kufanele uhlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kukhona ifilimu yamafutha okugcoba afanayo endaweni yayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukuthi i-lubricant iyageleza yini phakathi kwesigubhu ne-pulley ukuze ugweme ukwehluleka kwemishini okubangelwa ukunqwabelana kwamafutha. Isibonelo, uma kune-lubricant eningi kakhulu, ukunqwabelana kwamafutha kungase kwakheke esigubhu, kuthinte umphumela wokusonteka wentambo yocingo. I-lubricant eyengeziwe kufanele ihlanzwe ngesikhathi.

5. Ukuhlolwa kohlelo lukagesi
5.1 Hlola intambo yamandla, isilawuli kanye neswishi
Uhlelo lukagesi lwentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo luyingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza kwayo okuvamile. Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezingxenye zikagesi njengentambo kagesi, isilawuli kanye neswishi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokwethembeka kwezinto zokusebenza.
Ukuhlolwa kwentambo yamandla:
Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka: Hlola ukuthi intambo kagesi yonakele yini, isindala, iqhekekile, njll. Ukulimala kongqimba lwentambo kagesi kungase kubangele ukuvuza, izingozi zokushaqeka kukagesi noma kulimaze amathuluzi kagesi. Isibonelo, kwamanye ama-hoist kagesi asetshenziswe isikhathi eside, ungqimba olufakwayo lwentambo yamandla lungaguga futhi luqhekeke ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinokhahlo. Uma intambo kagesi itholakala ukuthi yonakele, kufanele ishintshwe ngokushesha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwesistimu kagesi.
Ukuhlolwa koxhumo: Hlola ukuthi ingabe ukuxhumana phakathi kwentambo kagesi nesixhumi sikagesi kuqinile, nokuthi ipulaki nesokhethi kukhululekile noma akuxhumene kahle. Ukuxhuma okuxekethile kuzodala ukungazinzi kwamandla kagesi, kuthinte ukusebenza okuvamile kwesixhumi sikagesi, futhi kungase kubangele ngisho nezinhlansi futhi kwandise ingozi yomlilo. Uma uhlola, ungadonsa intambo yamandla ngobumnene ukuze ubone ukuthi azikho yini izimpawu zokuxega ekuxhumekeni.
Ukuhlolwa kwesilawuli:
Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka: Hlola ukuthi ingabe igobolondo langaphandle lesilawuli lonakele noma likhubazekile. Igobolondo langaphandle elimele lingase lithinte ukuchithwa kokushisa okuvamile kwesilawuli, kubangele ukushisa nokulimala ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zesilawuli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukuthi izinkinobho zokusebenza, izibambo nezinye izingxenye zesilawuli zigqokile noma zibambekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuguquguquka nokuthembeka kokusebenza.
Ukuhlola okusebenzayo: Hlola ukuthi ingabe imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yesilawuli ijwayelekile yini, okuhlanganisa ukuphakamisa, ukwehlisa, ukuma, ukunyakaza kwesokunxele nakwesokudla, njll. Ungakwazi ukusebenzisa isilawuli ukuze ubone ukuthi isenzo sangempela sokuphakanyiswa kukagesi siyahambisana yini nomyalelo wokusebenza. Isibonelo, lapho uhlola umsebenzi wokuphakamisa, cindezela inkinobho yokuphakamisa ukuze ubone ukuthi i-hoist kagesi ingakwazi yini ukuphakamisa into esindayo ngokushelela kanye nokuthi isivinini sokuphakamisa sijwayelekile. Uma umsebenzi wesilawuli utholakala ungavamile, kufanele ulungiswe noma ushintshwe ngesikhathi.
Shintsha ukuhlola:
Iswishi yokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo: Iswishi yokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuphepha le-hoist kagesi. Inganqamula ugesi ngokushesha futhi imise okokusebenza esimweni esiphuthumayo. Hlola ukuthi iswishi yokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile yini. Ngemva kokucindezela iswishi, i-hoist kagesi kufanele iyeke ukusebenza ngokushesha, futhi ngemva kokukhulula iswishi, okokusebenza akukwazi ukuqalisa ukusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi kudinga ukuqaliswa kabusha ukuze kuqhubeke ukusebenza.
Amanye amaswishi: Hlola ukuthi amanye amaswishi e-hoist kagesi, njengeswishi yamandla, ukushintsha okulinganiselwe, njll., angasebenza ngokujwayelekile yini. Iswishi yamandla kufanele ikwazi ukunqamula ngokuthembekile ukunikezwa kwamandla, futhi iswishi yomkhawulo isetshenziselwa ukukhawulela ububanzi bokusebenza kwesixhumi sikagesi ukuze kuvinjelwe okokusebenza ekusebenzeni ngale kwebanga eliphephile. Isibonelo, uma ubheka iswishi ekhawulelwe, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-hoist kagesi mathupha ukuze usondele endaweni elinganiselwe futhi ubheke ukuthi iswishi yomkhawulo ingakwazi yini ukunqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla ngesikhathi ukuze kumiswe okokusebenza.

6. Ukugcinwa kokudluliselwa
6.1 Ukugcotshwa kanye nokuhlolwa kokudluliselwa
Ukudlulisela kuyingxenye ebalulekile yentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo. Ukugcotshwa kwayo kanye nokuhlolwa kwayo kunomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni okuvamile kanye nempilo yesevisi yemishini.
Ukubaluleka kokuthambisa: Ukugcotshwa kokudlulisa kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamagiya, ama-bearings nezinye izakhi, kunciphise ukuguga futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela. Isibonelo, ukugcotshwa okuhle kunganciphisa izinga lokugqoka lokudlulisela cishe ngo-50%, ngaleyo ndlela kunwebe impilo yayo yesevisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugcoba kungadlala indima ekushiseni kokushisa nokuvimbela ukugqwala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudluliswa kungasebenza ngokujwayelekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokugcoba: Izithambisi ezikhethekile ezifanele ukuthuthwa kufanele zikhethwe. Amafutha anjalo ngokuvamile ane-viscosity enhle, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation. Isibonelo, engxenyeni yokudlulisa igiya, uwoyela wegiya one-viscosity efanele kufanele ukhethwe ukwakha ifilimu kawoyela ezinzile futhi kuncishiswe ukuthintana okuqondile phakathi kwamagiya. Ngokwengxenye ethwalayo, amafutha amelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi angagugi angakhethwa ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zawo zokusebenza ezihlukene.
Indlela yokugcoba: Lapho ugcoba idivayisi yokudlulisela, kufanele uqale uhlanze indawo yayo, ususe uwoyela omdala nokungcola, bese uyigcoba ngokuya ngamaphoyinti okugcoba ashiwo kanye nenani lokugcoba. Ngengxenye yokuhambisa igiya, ungasebenzisa isibhamu sikawoyela noma ibhodwe likawoyela ukujova uwoyela wokugcoba ku-gearbox ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uwoyela wokugcoba ungavala ngokuphelele indawo yegiya. Ngengxenye ethwalayo, ungasebenzisa isibhamu samafutha ukuze ujove amafutha esihlalweni sokuthwala ukuze amafutha asatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwezinto ezigoqayo kanye nekheji lokuthwala. Isibonelo, lapho ugcoba i-gearbox, kufanele uqale uvule imbobo yokugcwalisa uwoyela ye-gearbox bese uthela uwoyela wokugcoba ku-gearbox kuze kube yilapho uwoyela wokugcoba ufinyelela umugqa wezinga likawoyela oshiwo.
Ifrikhwensi yokuthambisa: Thola imvamisa yokugcoba enengqondo ngokusekelwe ebuningini bokusetshenziswa nendawo yokusebenza ye-hoist kagesi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza, kunconywa ukuthi ugcobe idivayisi yokudlulisela kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu; ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa njalo noma izindawo ezinokhahlo, imvamisa yokugcoba kufanele inyuswe ibe kanye ngenyanga. Isibonelo, kumatheminali kagesi asetshenziswa kumatheminali echweba, ngenxa yemvamisa yawo ephezulu yokusebenzisa kanye nendawo yokusebenza enokhahlo, imvamisa yokuthambisa yedivayisi yokudlulisa kufanele ikhuliswe ngokufanelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo okuvamile.
Okuqukethwe kokuhlola: Njalo hlola isimo sokusebenza sedivayisi yokudlulisa, okuhlanganisa ukuguga kwamagiya, umsindo wokusebenza nezinga lokushisa lama-bheringi, njll. Lapho uhlola igiya, bheka ukuthi kukhona yini ukuqhekeka, ukuxebuka noma ukuguga okungavamile endaweni yegiya. Uma ukuguga kwendawo yezinyo legiya kudlula u-15% wogqinsi lwalo, igiya lidinga ukushintshwa. Uma uhlola ukuthwala, ungahlulela ukuthi isebenza ngokujwayelekile yini ngokulalela umsindo nokulinganisa izinga lokushisa. Ngokwesibonelo, uma i- bearing yenza umsindo ongajwayelekile noma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, kungase kube ukuthi i- bear inephutha futhi idinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa ngesikhathi.
Ukuhlola imvamisa: Ukuze uthole imvamisa yokuhlolwa kwedivayisi yokudlulisela, kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokubukeka kanye ngenyanga kanye nokuhlolwa okunemininingwane kwesimo sokusebenza kanye ngekota. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlola, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kufanele irekhodwe ukuze kutholakale izinkinga ezingaba khona ngesikhathi futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo ezihambisanayo. Isibonelo, ishidi lerekhodi lokuhlola ledivayisi yokudlulisa liyasungulwa ukuze lirekhode isikhathi, okuqukethwe kokuhlolwa kanye nezinkinga ezitholakele ekuhlolweni ngakunye, ukuze kube lula ukulandelela kanye nokuhlaziya ukusebenza kwensiza yokudlulisela.

7. Imininingwane yokusebenza nokuphepha
7.1 Landela ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza
Imininingwane yokusebenza kwesixhumi sikagesi sentambo yocingo iwukhiye wokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuphephile kwempahla kanye nokwelula isikhathi sokusebenza kwayo. Abasebenzisi kufanele balandele ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza ukuze bagweme izingozi zokuphepha nokulimala kwemishini okubangelwa ukusebenza okungafanele.
Iziqu zomqhubi: Izixhumi zezintambo zikagesi zabasebenzi abasebenzisa izintambo kufanele baqeqeshelwe umsebenzi futhi bathole isitifiketi sokufaneleka somqhubi. Okuqukethwe kokuqeqesha Kufanele kubandakanye izimiso eziyisisekelo zezinto zokusebenza, izinqubo zokusebenza, izinyathelo zokuphepha zokuphepha kanye nezinyathelo zokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho iqeqesha ama-opharetha, inkampani ethile yayihlanganisa izincazelo zethiyori kanye nokusebenza okungokoqobo ukuze opharetha basebenzise izindlela ezilungile zokusebenza kwezixhumi zikagesi, inciphise ngempumelelo ingozi yezingozi zokuphepha ezibangelwa ukusebenza okungafanele.
Ukuhlola kwangaphambilini: Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa intambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo isikhathi ngasinye, umqhubi kufanele enze ukuhlola okuningiliziwe kwempahla. Okuqukethwe kokuhlola kufaka phakathi ukuguga, ukuphuka kwentambo, kanye nokuguquguquka kwentambo yocingo, noma ngabe intambo yamandla, isilawuli, nokushintshwa kwesistimu kagesi kujwayelekile, kanye nokugcotshwa kanye nesimo sokusebenza sedivayisi yokudlulisa. Isibonelo, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-hoist kagesi isikhathi ngasinye, umqhubi wefekthri uzohlola ingxenye ngayinye yento ngayinye ngayinye ngokohlu lokuhlola ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi okokusebenza kusesimweni esihle sokusebenza ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenza.
Izinyathelo zokuqapha ngesikhathi sokusebenza:
Ukusebenza okushelelayo: Lapho ephakamisa futhi ehlisa izinto ezisindayo, u-opharetha kufanele asebenze kahle ukuze agweme ukuqala nokuma kungazelelwe. Isivinini eseqile kanye nokubhuleka kungazelelwe kuzoveza amandla amakhulu entanjeni yocingo kanye nethuluzi lokudlulisela, okuholela ezinkingeni ezinjengokuphuka kwentambo yezintambo kanye nokulimala kwedivayisi yokudlulisela. Isibonelo, lapho uphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, umqhubi kagesi we-hoist endaweni yokwakha uyasheshisa kancane kancane futhi wehlise isivinini ukuze enze izinto ezisindayo zikhuphuke futhi ziwe ngokushelela, ngokuphumelelayo ukunciphisa umonakalo womthelela wemishini.
Gwema ukulayisha ngokweqile: Labela ngokuqinile umthwalo olinganiselwe wezisetshenziswa futhi uvimbele ngokuqinile ukulayishwa ngokweqile. Ukulayishwa ngokweqile kuzonyusa ukushuba kwentambo yocingo, kuyenze yeqe uhla lwengcindezi oluvumelekile, okuzoholela ekugqashukeni kwentambo yocingo, futhi kuzodala nomonakalo omkhulu ezingxenyeni ezinjengomshini wokudlulisa kanye nenjini. Isibonelo, uma inkampani isebenzisa i-hoist kagesi, ifaka isikhawuli sokulayishwa okungaphezulu kwezinto zokusebenza. Uma umthwalo udlula inani elilinganiselwe, okokusebenza kuyeka ukusebenza, kuvimbele ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kwezingozi ezigcwala kakhulu.
Gcina ibanga eliphephile: Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okokusebenza kufanele kugcinwe kude nezisebenzi ezizungezile kanye nezinto. Gwema ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezinto ezinzima nezinto ezizungezile ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okubangela ukulimala komuntu siqu noma ukulimala kwemishini. Isibonelo, ku-workshop yokukhiqiza yefekthri, lapho opharetha eqhuba i-hoist kagesi, uhlala enaka indawo ezungezile ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi indlela yokugijima yento esindayo ayivimbeli futhi igweme ukungqubuzana nezinye izinto zokusebenza nabasebenzi.
Ukuhlolwa nokunakekelwa kwangemva kokuhlinzwa: Ngemva kokuba umsebenzi usuphelile, okokusebenza kufanele kuvele kuhlolwe futhi kunakekelwe. Vala amandla, hlanza uthuli nemfucumfucu endaweni yokusebenza, hlola ukugcotshwa kwentambo yocingo, bese uphinda ugcobe uma kunesidingo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bhala phansi ukusebenza kwemishini kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa ukuze unikeze isisekelo sokugcinwa nokuphathwa kwempahla. Isibonelo, ngemva kokusebenza ngakunye, umqhubi wenkampani ethile uzovele ahlanze futhi ahlole i-hoist kagesi, futhi aqophe imiphumela yokuhlolwa eshidini lerekhodi lokulungisa izinto zokusebenza ukuze kube lula ukulandelela nokuhlaziya ukusebenza kwempahla.