Yiziphi izici zokuphepha zama-wire rope electric hoist?

Yiziphi izici zokuphepha zama-wire rope electric hoist?

1. Izici zokuphepha zesakhiwo

1.1 Idivayisi yokuphepha ye-hook
Ihuku lentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo iyingxenye ebalulekile, futhi idivayisi yayo yokuphepha ibalulekile.
Ihhuku ivamise ukuhlonyiswa ngethuluzi elilwa nokuhlehla, elingavimba ngempumelelo into ukuthi ingasheleli ngephutha ngesikhathi sokuphakamisa. Ngokwezibalo ezifanele, izehlakalo zezingozi zezinto ezishelelayo zingancishiswa ngaphezu kwama-90% uma isisetshenziswa esilwa nokuhlehla senziwe ngendlela efanele futhi sisetshenziswa.
Izinto kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza ye-hook nayo ithinta ngokuqondile ukuphepha kwayo. Izingwegwe zekhwalithi ephezulu zenziwe ngensimbi ye-alloy ephezulu. Ngemuva kwenqubo eqinile yokwelashwa kokushisa, amandla abo okuqina angafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-1000MPa, angamelana nokushuba okukhulu futhi aqinisekise ukuphakanyiswa okuphephile kwezinto.
1.2 Intambo yocingo nomklamo wesigubhu
Intambo yocingo nesigubhu yizici ezibalulekile zentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo. Ukuklama nokukhethwa kwazo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuphepheni kwemishini.
Ukukhethwa kwentambo yocingo kubalulekile. Ngokuvamile, ukugqashuka kwentambo yocingo izikhathi eziningana amandla ayo okusebenza. Isibonelo, endaweni kagesi enamandla okuphakamisa ithani elingu-1, ukuphuka kwentambo yayo yocingo kuvamise ukuba ngaphezu kwamathani angu-5. Inqubo yokusonteka kwentambo yocingo izophinde ibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo zokusonta ezithuthukisiwe kungathuthukisa ukuguquguquka nokumelana nokugqoka kwentambo yocingo futhi kwandise impilo yayo yesevisi.
Ukwakheka kwesigubhu kubaluleke ngokufanayo. Ububanzi nobude besigubhu kufanele kufane nezicaciso zentambo yocingo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi intambo yocingo ngeke iphingane ngesikhathi sokusongwa. Ingaphezulu lesigubhu livame ukucutshungulwa ngemisele evunguzayo. Lo mklamo ungaqondisa intambo yocingo ukuthi ilinywe kahle, inciphise ukushwiba nokuguga phakathi kwezintambo zocingo, futhi ithuthukise impilo yesevisi nokuphepha kwentambo yocingo.

2. Izici zokuphepha zokusebenza
2.1 Izidingo zeziqu zomsebenzisi
Umqhubi wentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo kufanele abe neziqu namandla ahambisanayo ukuze aqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwezinto zokusebenza.
Isitifiketi sokufaneleka: Umsebenzisi kufanele aqeqeshelwe umsebenzi futhi athole izitifiketi zokusebenza ezifanele, njengezitifiketi zokusebenza kwesisetshenziswa esikhethekile. Ngokwezibalo, izinga lamaphutha abaqhubi abathole ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe futhi abaphethe isitifiketi lingaphansi kuka-80% kunalelo labasebenzi abangaqeqeshiwe.
Izidingo zezempilo: Abaqhubi kufanele babe nempilo enhle futhi bangabi nasici ekuboneni, ezindlebeni, emandleni okusabela, njll. Isibonelo, abaqhubi abanombono ongaphansi kuka-0.8 bazoba nomthelela omkhulu ekhonweni labo lokubona nokwahlulela isimo sokusebenza kwesisetshenziswa, okulula ukubangela izingozi zokuphepha.
Izidingo zesipiliyoni: Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi ube nolwazi oluthile lokusebenza. Ama-opharetha anolwazi angakwazi amakhono okusebenza emishini ngobuchule kakhudlwana futhi abone futhi asingathe izimo ezingajwayelekile ngesikhathi. Idatha ibonisa ukuthi opharetha abanolwazi bangafinyeza isikhathi sokuphatha ukwehluleka kwezisetshenziswa ezingaphezu kuka-30% ngokwesilinganiso uma kuqhathaniswa nabaqhubi abaqalayo.
2.2 Inqubo yokuhlola ngaphambi kokusebenza
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokusebenza kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuphephile kwezixhumi zikagesi zezintambo zikagesi.
Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka: Hlola ukuthi ukubukeka kwempahla konakele, konakele noma kugugile. Isibonelo, hlola ukuthi ihuku linemifantu noma i-deformation, nokuthi intambo yocingo iphukile noma igugile. Ngokocwaningo olufanele, ukuhlolwa kokubukeka kungathola ngaphezu kwe-60% yezinkinga ezingaba khona zemishini.
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu kagesi: Hlola ukuthi isekethe kagesi ayishintshile yini, ukuthi i-insulation ilungile, nokuthi izingxenye zikagesi ezifana nezinjini nezilawuli zisebenza kahle yini. Ukuhluleka kukagesi kungesinye sezizathu ezibalulekile zokusebenza okungavamile kwemishini. Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu kagesi kunganciphisa ngempumelelo izehlakalo zokuhluleka kukagesi futhi kuqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwemishini.
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yokubhuleka: Hlola ukuthi ibhuleki liyazwela yini futhi lithembekile, nokuthi ibanga lokubhuleka liyahlangabezana yini nezidingo. Ibhuleki liyingxenye ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kwemishini, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuthinta ngqo umphumela wokubhuleka wemishini. Isibonelo, endaweni kagesi enamandla okuphakamisa amathani angu-5, ibanga lokubhuleka kufanele lilawulwe phakathi kuka-50 mm ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okokusebenza kungama ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokubhuleka okuphuthumayo.
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yokuthambisa: Hlola ukuthi ingabe isistimu yokuthambisa yezinto zokusebenza isebenza kahle yini nokuthi akhona yini uwoyela wokugcoba owanele endaweni yokugcoba. Ukugcoba okuhle kunganciphisa ukuguga kwezingxenye zemishini, kunwebe impilo yesevisi yemishini, futhi kuqinisekise nokusebenza okuvamile kwemishini. Ukuhlola njalo uhlelo lokuthambisa kunganciphisa ukwehluleka kwemishini okubangelwa ukugcotshwa okungalungile futhi kuthuthukise ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwemishini.

3. Izici zokuphepha zikagesi
3.1 Izidingo zokusebenza kwe-insulation
Ukusebenza kwe-insulation of the wire rope hoist kagesi kuyisici esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwabaqhubi kanye nemishini.
Ngokombono wamazinga kazwelonke, ukumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulation of hoists kagesi kufanele kuhlangabezane namazinga okuphepha emishini kagesi efanele. Isibonelo, endaweni eyomile, ukumelana nokufakwa kwayo akufanele kube ngaphansi kwe-1MΩ, futhi endaweni enomswakama, ukumelana nokushisa akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.5MΩ ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwesistimu kagesi.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokuvikela i-insulating kubalulekile. Izinto zokuvikela ezisezingeni eliphezulu zingavimbela ngempumelelo amasekethe amafushane kagesi kanye nezingozi zokuvuza. Njengamanje, ama-hoist amaningi kagesi ezintambo zisebenzisa izinto zokuvikela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, njengamafilimu e-polyester, ane-insulation enhle nokumelana nokushisa futhi angagcina imiphumela ezinzile yokufakwa ngaphansi kwezindawo zokusebenza ezihlukene.
Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokusebenza kwe-insulation kubalulekile. Ngokuhlolwa okuvamile kokusebenza kokufakwa kwe-insulation kwama-hoists kagesi, izinkinga ezinjengokuguga nokuqhekeka kungatholwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi izinyathelo ezihambisanayo zingathathwa ukuze kulungiswe noma kushintshwe, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe izingozi zokuphepha ezibangelwa ukuncipha kokusebenza kwe-insulation. Ngokwezibalo ezifanele, izinga lokuhluleka kukagesi lama-hoists kagesi ahlolwa njalo ukusebenza kwe-insulation lingaphansi kuka-60% kunalelo lemishini engakahlolwa.
3.2 Idivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza
Idivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza iyisiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokuphepha kukagesiintambo yezintambo zikagesi.
Umsebenzi wedivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza ukunqamula ngokushesha ukunikezwa kwamandla ngesikhathi esifushane lapho iphutha lokuvuza lenzeka emishinini yokuvimbela i-current ukuba ibangele ukulimala emzimbeni womuntu. Ngokuvamile, isenzo samanje sedivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza kufanele sibekwe ngaphansi kuka-30mA, futhi isikhathi sokusebenza kufanele sibe ngaphansi kwesekhondi elingu-0.1 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ugesi unganqanyulwa ngesikhathi nangempumelelo uma ukuvuza kwenzeka ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha komuntu siqu komsebenzisi.
Ukuthembeka kwedivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza kubalulekile. Idivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza yekhwalithi ephezulu ingathola ngokunembile isignali yokuvuza futhi iphendule ngesikhathi. Njengamanje, amanye amadivaysi okuvikela ukuvuza okuthuthukile emakethe asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi obuthuthukisiwe kanye nama-algorithms ahlakaniphile, angagwema ngempumelelo ukusebenza okungamanga nokusebenza kokuvuza, futhi athuthukise ukwethembeka nokunemba kokuvikela ukuvuza.
Ukuhlolwa njalo nokunakekelwa kwedivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuvamile. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwedivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza kungathola ngesikhathi izinkinga ngocingo, ezifana nokuncipha kokuzwela, ukuthintana okungalungile, njll., futhi kulungiswe noma kushintshwe kusenesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi idivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza ihlala isesimweni esihle sokusebenza. Ngokocwaningo olufanelekile, izinga lokuhluleka kwemishini yokuvikela ukuvuza ehlala igcinwa ingaphansi kuka-70% kunaleyo yamadivayisi anganakekelwa.

4. Izici zokuphepha ezikhawulelwe kanye namabhuleki
4.1 Amadivayisi anomkhawulo ophezulu naphansi
Imishini ephezulu nephansi enomkhawulo wentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo yizici ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kusebenza phakathi kwebanga lokuhamba eliphephile.
Indima yedivayisi yomkhawulo: Imishini yomkhawulo ophezulu naphansi ingavimbela ngempumelelo ihuku ukuba lidlule ibanga eliphephile lokuhamba phakathi nokusebenza. Lapho ihuku isondela emkhawulweni ongaphezulu noma ophansi, idivayisi elinganiselwe izonqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo ukunikezwa kwamandla ukuze imise okokusebenza, igweme ukungqubuzana phakathi kwehhuku nesigubhu noma phansi, ngaleyo ndlela ivikele ukuphepha kwezinto zokusebenza nabaqhubi. Ngokwezibalo, izinga lokwenzeka kwezingozi zokushayisana kwehhuku lingancishiswa ngaphezu kuka-70% ngamadivayisi asebenzayo aphezulu naphansi.
Uhlobo nokunemba kwedivayisi yomkhawulo: Kunamadivayisi amabili avamile omkhawulo: omshini kanye ne-elekthronikhi. Idivayisi yomkhawulo wemishini ibona umsebenzi womkhawulo ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo semishini, futhi isakhiwo sayo silula futhi sithembekile; idivayisi yomkhawulo we-elekthronikhi ibona ukulawulwa komkhawulo ngokusebenzisa izinzwa namasekhethi kagesi, futhi inezinzuzo zokunemba okuphezulu kanye nesivinini sokuphendula ngokushesha. Njengamanje, idivayisi yomkhawulo we-elekthronikhi esetshenziswa ezinsikeni zikagesi zezintambo ezithuthukisiwe zingafinyelela ukunemba kweleveli yemilimitha, engalawula ngokunembe kakhudlwana ukuhamba kwehuku futhi iqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwezinto zokusebenza.
4.2 Ukwethembeka kwesistimu yokubhuleka
Isistimu yokubhuleka ingenye yezinsiza zokuphepha eziyinhloko zentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo, futhi ukwethembeka kwayo kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokusebenza okuphephile kwezinto zokusebenza.
Uhlobo nokusebenza kwebhuleki: Izibambo zikagesi zezintambo ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amabhuleki kagesi noma amabhuleki ayimishini. Amabhuleki kagesi anobuhle bejubane lokuphendula ngokushesha kanye nomthelela omuhle wokubhuleka, futhi angabhuleka ngokushesha lapho okokusebenza kucishiwe noma esimweni esiphuthumayo; amabhuleki emishini ancike ezakhiweni zemishini ukuze afinyelele ukubhuleka, futhi abe nezici zesakhiwo esilula nokuthembeka okuphezulu. Akukhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lwebhuleki esetshenzisiwe, ibanga layo lokubhuleka kanye nesikhathi sokubhuleka kumele kuhlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuphepha ezifanele. Isibonelo, endaweni kagesi enamandla okuphakamisa amathani angu-3, ​​ibanga layo lokubhuleka kufanele lilawulwe phakathi kuka-30 mm futhi isikhathi sokubhuleka kufanele sibe ngaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-0.2 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okokusebenza kungama ngokushesha nangokuphephile ngesikhathi sokubhuleka okuphuthumayo.
Ukugcinwa nokuhlolwa kwesistimu yokubhuleka: Ukugcinwa njalo nokuhlolwa kwesistimu yokubhuleka kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwayo. Ukunakekela kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukuguga kwebhuleki, ukulungisa imvume yokubhuleka, njll. ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwebhuleki. Ukuhlola kudinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokusebenza kwesistimu yokubhuleka, okuhlanganisa nezinkomba ezifana nebanga lokubhuleka, isikhathi sokubhuleka, nokuzinza kwebhuleki. Ngokwezibalo ezifanele, izinga lokuhluleka kwamasistimu amabhuleki ahlala enakekelwa futhi ahlolwa lingaphansi kwama-85% kunalelo lezinhlelo ezinganakekelwa futhi ezingahloliwe.

5. Izici zokuphepha zokusebenza

5.1 Ukwenqatshelwa kokutshekisa kanye nokutsheka
Ukutsheka kanye nokutsheka kuyindlela yokusebenza enqatshelwe ngokuphelele ngesikhathi kusetshenziswa izixhumi zikagesi zezintambo zikagesi. Le ndlela yokusebenza inezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha.

Phoqeleka ukuhlaziya: Uma itshekisa futhi itshekela, intambo yocingo yenza i-engeli ethile eqonde mpo, futhi ukungezwani entanjeni yocingo kuzokhula. Ngokomgomo wokusebenza kwe-trigonometric, lapho i-engeli ingamadigri angu-30, ukungezwani entanjeni yocingo kuzokhula cishe ngo-17.3%; lapho i-engeli ifinyelela kuma-degree angu-45, ukushuba kuzokwanda cishe ngo-41.4%. Lokhu kushuba okukhulayo kuzodala ingcindezi entanjeni yocingo ukuthi idlule uhla lokuklama kwayo, okungase kubangele ukuthi intambo yocingo igqabuke futhi kubangele izingozi zokuphepha.

Ingozi yokulimala kwemishini: Ukutsheka nokutsheka kuzodala umonakalo kwezinye izingxenye ze-hoist kagesi. Isibonelo, izodala amandla asemaceleni angajwayelekile ezingxenyeni ezifana nesigubhu nehhuku. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kuzodala izinkinga ezifana nokuguqulwa kwezigubhu kanye nokulimala kwehhuku. Ngokwezibalo, imishini ilimaza izingozi ezibangelwa ukuphakamisa okugwegwile cishe cishe u-30% wesamba sezingozi zomonakalo wemishini, okuthinta kabi impilo yesevisi nokuphepha kwamathuluzi.
Icala lengozi: Ingozi edalwe ukuphakamisa okugwegwile yenzeke efektri. Lapho umqhubi ephakamisa into esindayo, wadonsa i-hoist kagesi egobile ukuze kube lula. Ngenxa yalokho, intambo yocingo yaphuka kungazelelwe, futhi into enzima yawa, yalimaza isisebenzi esiseduze, okwabangela ukulimala okukhulu nokulahlekelwa kwezomnotho. Le ngozi iphinda isikhumbuza ukuthi ukuphakamisa okugwegwile kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele, futhi umsebenzi wokuphakamisa kufanele wenziwe ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nezinqubo zokusebenza.
5.2 Imikhawulo ekumisweni nasekunyakazeni kwezinto ezisindayo
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo, kunemikhawulo eqinile yokuphepha ekumisweni nasekuhambeni kwezinto ezisindayo. Le mikhawulo iwukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemishini nabasebenzi.
Imikhawulo ekumisweni kwezinto ezisindayo: Into esindayo kufanele ilengiswe ngokuqinile ehhukuni, futhi indawo yokulengiswa kufanele ilunge ukuze kugwenywe ukulayishwa kwe-eccentric. Uma into esindayo ingalengiswanga ngokuqinile noma kukhona ukulayishwa kwe-eccentric, ihhuku nentambo yocingo izobhekana nokungezwani okungalingani, okungaholela kalula ezinkingeni ezifana nokugudluka kwehhuku nokuphuka kwentambo yocingo. Isibonelo, lapho ukugcwala kwento esindayo kufinyelela ku-20% womthamo wokuphakamisa olinganiselwe, ukungezwani okuphezulu kuhhuku kuzokhuphuka cishe ngo-30%, kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okulimala kwemishini nezingozi. Ngakho-ke, ukumiswa kwento esindayo kufanele kubhekwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuyiphakamisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha.
Imikhawulo ekuhambeni kwezinto ezisindayo: Phakathi nenqubo yokuphakamisa, isivinini kanye nesiqondiso sokunyakaza kwento esindayo nakho kuvinjelwe. Isivinini sokuphakamisa nokwehlisa i-hoist kagesi kufanele igcinwe izinzile, igweme ukusheshisa kakhulu noma ukuhamba kancane kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, isivinini sokuphakamisa kufanele silawulwe cishe ngamamitha ayi-10 ngomzuzu, futhi isivinini sokwehlisa kufanele silawulwe cishe ngamamitha ayi-15 ngomzuzu. Isivinini esisheshayo sizodala ukuthi into esindayo ikhiqize amandla amakhulu angasebenzi, okulula ukubangela ukuthi imishini ingalawuleki kanye nezingozi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, into esindayo kufanele igcine ukunyakaza okuqondile phakathi nokunyakaza ukuze kugwenywe ukujika kwe-lateral. Uma into esindayo ijikela eceleni, ukusebenza kufanele kumiswe ngokushesha futhi ukuphakamisa kufanele kuqhutshekwe ngemva kokuba into esindayo izinzile. Ngokocwaningo olufanele, izingozi ezibangelwa isivinini sokunyakaza okushesha ngokweqile noma ukushwibeka kwezinto ezisindayo zenza cishe u-25% yenani eliphelele lezingozi zokuphakamisa, ngakho imingcele yokuhamba kwezinto ezisindayo kufanele ibhekwe ngokuqinile.
Izidingo zebanga lokuphepha: Lapho uphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, ibanga elithile lokuphepha kufanele nalo ligcinwe. Ibanga lokuphepha okungenani imitha elingu-1 kufanele ligcinwe phakathi kwezinto ezisindayo kanye nabasebenzi abazungezile, izinto zokusebenza nezinye izithiyo ukuze kuvinjelwe izinto ezisindayo ekungqubuzaneni nazo ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, okubangela ukulimala kanye nokulimala kwemishini. Isibonelo, endaweni yokwakha, ngenxa yokuthi u-opharetha akazange agcine ibanga elanele lokuphepha, izinto ezisindayo eziphakanyisiwe zishayisane nesikafula esiseduze, zabangela ukuba i-scaffolding idilike futhi ibangele ukulimala okuningi. Le ngozi isikhumbuza ukuthi kufanele sihlale sinake ibanga lokuphepha phakathi nenqubo yokuphakamisa ukuze siqinisekise ukuphepha komsebenzi wokuphakamisa.

6. Ukugcinwa nokuhlolwa kwezici zokuphepha

6.1 Okuqukethwe kokuhlolwa okuvamile
Ukuhlola okuvamile kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kwezixhumi zikagesi zezintambo, futhi okuqukethwe kwakho kokuhlola kuhlanganisa izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile.
Ukuhlolwa kwengxenye yesakhiwo: Hlola ukuthi izingxenye ezibalulekile zesakhiwo njengamahhuku, izintambo zocingo, nezigubhu zinezimo ezingavamile ezifana nokuwohloka, ukuguga, nokuqhekeka. Isibonelo, inombolo yezintambo eziphukile entanjeni yocingo iyinkomba ebalulekile yokukala isimo sayo sokuphepha. Uma inani lezintambo eziphukile lidlula i-10% yenani eliphelele lezintambo zocingo, kufanele kushintshwe intambo yocingo. Ngokwezibalo ezifanele, ukuhlola okujwayelekile kwengxenye yesakhiwo kungathola ngesikhathi esingaphezu kuka-80% wezinkinga ezingaba khona zemishini futhi kugweme ngempumelelo izingozi zokuphepha ezibangelwa ukulimala kwengxenye.
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu kagesi: Hlola ukufakwa nokuxhumana kwamasekhethi kagesi, nokuthi izingxenye zikagesi njengezinjini, izilawuli, namaswishi emikhawulo zisebenza kahle yini. Ukuhluleka kukagesi kungase kubangele ukulahlekelwa kokulawula noma ukuvuza kwezingozi. Ukuhlola njalo uhlelo lukagesi kunganciphisa izehlakalo zokuhluleka kukagesi ngaphezu kuka-70% futhi kuqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwemishini.
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yamabhuleki: Hlola ukuzwela nokuthembeka kwebhuleki, bese ukala ukuthi ibanga lokubhuleka liyahlangabezana yini nezidingo. Kuma-hoists kagesi anamandla ahlukene okuphakamisa, ibanga lokubhuleka linamazinga ahlukene. Isibonelo, kuma-hoists kagesi anesilinganiso sokuphakamisa amathani angu-2, ibanga lokubhuleka kufanele lilawulwe ngaphakathi kwama-20 mm. Ukuhlolwa njalo kwesistimu yokubhuleka kungaqinisekisa ukuthi ingabhuleka ngokushesha nangendlela enokwethenjelwa esimweni esiphuthumayo, kunciphise ingozi yezingozi ezibangelwa ukuhluleka kwamabhuleki.
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yokuthambisa: Hlola ukuthi izindawo zokuthambisa zemishini zinawo yini uwoyela wokugcoba owanele kanye nokuthi uhlelo lokuthambisa lusebenza kahle yini. Ukugcoba okuhle kunganciphisa ukuguga kwengxenye, kunwebe impilo yemishini, futhi kuqinisekise nokusebenza okuvamile kwemishini. Ukuhlola njalo uhlelo lokuthambisa kunganciphisa ukwehluleka okubangelwa ukugcotshwa okungalungile futhi kuthuthukise ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwemishini.
6.2 Izidingo zesondlo
Ukunakekela kuyisilinganiso esibalulekile sokwelula impilo yesevisi yentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo ngokuphephile. Izidingo zayo zihlanganisa amaphuzu alandelayo.
Ukuhlanza nokunqanda ukugqwala: Gcina ingaphezulu lezinto zokusebenza lihlanzekile, susa njalo ukungcola okunjengothuli namafutha, futhi uvimbele okokusebenza ekushiseni ngokweqile noma ukugqwala ngenxa yokunqwabelana kokungcola. Kumaholi kagesi asetshenziswa ngaphandle, izinyathelo zokunqanda ukugqwala kufanele futhi zithathwe, njengokusebenzisa upende ovimbela ukugqwala, ukuze kunwetshwe impilo yesevisi yezinto zokusebenza.
Ukufakwa esikhundleni nokulungiswa kwengxenye: buyisela ngesikhathi esifanele izingxenye ezigugile kakhulu, njengezintambo zocingo, izingwegwe, amabhuleki, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lungisa njalo izingxenye zemishini yemishini, njengokulungisa ukungezwani kwentambo yocingo, ukuvunyelwa kwebhuleki, njll., ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini. Ukushintsha njalo nokulungiswa kwezingxenye kunganciphisa izinga lokuhluleka kwemishini ngaphezu kwama-50%, kuqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukuphepha kwezinto zokusebenza.
Ukugcotshwa nokufaka uphethiloli: Ngokwezidingo zemanuwali yemishini, faka uphethiloli ezindaweni zokugcobisa okokusebenza ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi okokusebenza kugcotshwa kahle. Sebenzisa amafutha okugcoba afanele, futhi unake ukuhlanzeka kwamafutha okugcoba ukuze uvimbele ukungcola ekungeneni ohlelweni lokuthambisa. Ukugcoba okuhle kunganciphisa ukuguga kwengxenye futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwemishini.
Ukurekhoda nokugcinwa kungobo yomlando: Sungula amarekhodi okugcinwa kwemishini, urekhode okuqukethwe, isikhathi kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa ngakunye, ukugcinwa nokugcinwa kahle, futhi ukugcine kungobo yomlando. Ngokurekhoda nokugcina kungobo yomlando, kulula ukuqonda isimo somlando sezinto zokusebenza, unikeze ireferensi yokuphathwa nokugcinwa kwezinto zokusebenza, futhi usize ekutholeni izinkinga ezingaba khona kumishini futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi zokuzixazulula.

7. Isifinyezo
Njengesisetshenziswa esisetshenziswa kakhulu sokuphakamisa, intambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo inezici eziningi zokuphepha, ezihlangene ziqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezinto zokusebenza ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
Ngokombono wezici zokuphepha zesakhiwo, idivayisi yokuphepha yehhuku kanye nomklamo wentambo yocingo nesigubhu kuwukhiye. Ithuluzi elilwa nokukhipha ihuku elifakwe kuhhuku linganciphisa kakhulu izehlakalo zezingozi zokuwa kwezinto ezimisiwe. Insimbi yayo enamandla amakhulu kanye nenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ethuthukisiwe iyenza iqine kakhulu futhi ingathwala izinto ezimisiwe ngendlela ethembekile. Ukugqashuka kwentambo yocingo kuphakeme kakhulu kunokucindezela kokusebenza, futhi inqubo yokusonteka ethuthukisiwe ithuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwayo nokumelana nokugqoka; idizayini enengqondo yesigubhu, njengobubanzi obufanele, ubude kanye nenkundla ezungezayo, igwema ngempumelelo inkinga yokuphazamiseka kwentambo yocingo, yandisa impilo yesevisi futhi ithuthukisa ukuphepha.
Ngokwezici zokuphepha zokusebenza, izidingo zokufaneleka komqhubi kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola ngaphambi kokusebenza zibalulekile. Ama-opharetha athole ukuqeqeshwa okuqeqeshiwe futhi abambe izitifiketi anezinga lephutha lokusebenza eliphansi kakhulu, futhi opharetha abanempilo nabanolwazi bangaqinisekisa kangcono ukusebenza okuphephile kwezinto zokusebenza. Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka, ukuhlolwa kwesistimu kagesi, ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yamabhuleki kanye nokuhlolwa kwesistimu yokugcoba ngaphambi kokusebenza kungathola ngesikhathi esifanele izinkinga ezingaba khona zemishini, kunciphise ngempumelelo izinga lokuhluleka, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kusebenza esimweni esiphephile.
Ezicini zokuphepha zikagesi, ukusebenza kwe-insulation kanye nemishini yokuvikela ukuvuza yikona okugxilwe kukho. Ukumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulation of hoist kagesi kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zikazwelonke. Izinto zokuvikela ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokuhlolwa okuvamile kungavimbela ngempumelelo imijikelezo emifushane kagesi kanye nezingozi zokuvuza. Idivayisi yokuvikela ukuvuza inganqamula ngokushesha ukunikezwa kwamandla uma kwenzeka iphutha lokuvuza ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha komsebenzisi. Ukwethembeka nokugcinwa kwayo njalo kubalulekile. Amadivayisi ekhwalithi ephezulu okuvikela ukuvuza nokunakekelwa okuvamile kunganciphisa kakhulu izinga lokuhluleka.
Ngokuphathelene nezici zokuphepha ezilinganiselwe kanye namabhuleki, amadivaysi anomkhawulo ophezulu naphansi angavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ihuku ukuba lidlule ibanga eliphephile lokuhamba futhi linciphise izehlakalo zezingozi zokushayisana; ukwethembeka kwesistimu ye-braking kungaqinisekisa ukuthi imishini iyama ngokushesha futhi ngokuphepha esimweni esiphuthumayo. Ukugcinwa njalo nokuhlolwa kwesistimu yokubhuleka kunganciphisa kakhulu izinga lokuhluleka kwayo.
Izici zokuphepha zokusebenza zigcizelela ukubaluleka kokuvimbela ukuphakamisa okugwegwile nokutshekile kanye nemikhawulo yokumiswa kwezinto ezisindayo kanye nokunyakaza. Ukuphakamisa okugobile nokutshekile kuzokhuphula ukushuba kwentambo yocingo, okuholela ekulimaleni kwemishini kanye nezingozi zokuphepha, kuyilapho ukumiswa okuqinile kwezinto ezisindayo, isivinini esizwakalayo esinyakazayo, ukunyakaza okuqondile kanye nezidingo zebanga lokuphepha kungagwema ngempumelelo ukulimala kwemishini kanye nokulimala.
Ezicini zokuphepha zokunakekelwa nokuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa okuvamile kuhlanganisa izingxenye zesakhiwo, amasistimu kagesi, amasistimu amabhuleki kanye nezinhlelo zokuthambisa, ezikwazi ukubona ngokushesha izinkinga zemishini engase ibe khona; izidingo zokunakekelwa zibandakanya ukuhlanzwa kanye nokunqanda ukugqwala, ukushintshwa kwengxenye nokulungiswa, ukugcotshwa nokufaka amafutha, nokugcinwa kwamarekhodi nokugcinwa kungobo yomlando. Lezi zinyathelo zinganweba impilo yesevisi yezisetshenziswa, zehlise izinga lokuhluleka, futhi ziqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwezinto zokusebenza.
Kafushane, izici zokuphepha zentambo kagesi yokuphakamisa intambo ziqinisekiswa ngokugcwele ezicini eziningi ezifana nesakhiwo semishini, izinqubo zokusebenza, amasistimu kagesi, amabhuleki anomkhawulo, imininingwane yokusebenza, nokuhlolwa kokulungisa. Lezi zici zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zenze uhlelo lokuphepha oluphelele uma kuqhathaniswa, olunciphisa ngempumelelo ubungozi bokuphepha ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa okokusebenza futhi luqinisekise ukuphepha kwabasebenzi namathuluzi.