Indlela yokuthintela i-hoist yekhonkco ekubeni igcwele kakhulu?

Indlela yokuthintela i-hoist yekhonkco ekubeni igcwele kakhulu?

1. Ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa

1.1 Tshekisha ukuthembeka kwesixhobo
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisaikhonkco lekhonkco, kufuneka ihlolwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba zonke iindawo zesixhobo azichanekanga kwaye azonakalanga. Ukuhlolwa kubandakanya ukuba ikhonkco ineentanda, i-deformation okanye igugile, ingaba i-hook ineentanda, i-deformation okanye i-angles ebukhali, nokuba i-brake isebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokwemigaqo ekhuselekileyo yokhuseleko, ukunxiba kwe-cross-sectional hook akufanele kudlule i-10% yobukhulu obuqhelekileyo, kwaye i-chain ring diameter ye-diameter ayifanele idlule i-10% yesayizi yegama, ngaphandle koko kufuneka imiswe ekusebenziseni kwaye ilungiswe okanye ifakwe endaweni. Ukongezelela, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ukuba igobolondo ye-chain hoist ine-bumps okanye umonakalo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukubonakala kwayo kukhuselekile ukuphepha iingozi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

1.2 Qinisekisa umthwalo obekiweyo
Ukucacisa umthwalo olinganisiweyo we-chain hoist linyathelo eliphambili lokuthintela ukugqithiswa. Umthwalo olinganisiweyo we-chain hoist udla ngokuboniswa kwi-nameplate yesixhobo, kwaye umqhubi kufuneka ahlolisise ngokucophelela ukuba ubunzima bento ephakanyisiweyo bungaphakathi koluhlu lomthwalo olinganisiweyo we-chain hoist. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ubunzima bento ephakanyisiweyo i-1.5 yeetoni, i-chain hoist enomthwalo olinganisiweyo weetoni ezi-2 kufuneka ikhethwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko olwaneleyo. Ngokwemigangatho yoshishino, uluhlu olulinganisiweyo lomthwalo we-chain hoists ngokubanzi yi-0.5 ~ 20 yeetoni, kwaye abaqhubi kufuneka bakhethe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zeetoni ngokweemfuno zokwenyani. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-hoist yovavanyo kufuneka iqhutywe ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa. Into enzima kufuneka iphakanyiswe emhlabeni kwindawo ethile yokuphakama kwaye igcinwe ixesha elide ukujonga ukuba ngaba isixhobo asiqhelekanga, njengokuba ikhonkco ilula kwaye ingaba i-brake inokwethenjelwa, njl., Ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zinokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo phantsi komthwalo olinganisiweyo.

2. Khetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo

2.1 Khetha ngokobunzima bento enzima
Ukukhetha imodeli yokunyusela ikhonkco ngundoqo ekunqandeni ukugcwala. Uluhlu olulinganisiweyo lomthwalo we-chain hoists ngokubanzi yi-0.5 ~ 20 iitoni, kwaye iimodeli ezahlukeneyo ze-chain hoist zifanelekile ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima zobunzima obahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, kwizinto ezinzima ezinobunzima malunga ne-1 ton, i-chain hoist enomthwalo olinganisiweyo weetoni ezi-2 kufuneka ikhethwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko olwaneleyo. Ngokutsho kwedatha yeshishini elichaphazelekayo, xa usebenzisa i-chain hoist kunye nomthwalo olinganisiweyo weetoni ezi-2, ubukhulu bayo bomthwalo ophezulu unokufikelela malunga neetoni ze-2.2, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, kufuneka ilawulwe ngokungqongqo ngaphakathi kwinqanaba lomthwalo olinganisiweyo. Ukongezelela, kwimpahla enzima, njengezinto ezinzima kwiitoni ezi-5, i-chain hoist ye-tonnage ehambelanayo kufuneka ikhethwe kwaye iqinisekise ukuba ihlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko.

2.2 Qwalasela umba wokhuseleko
Xa ukhetha i-chain hoist, ngaphezu kokuqwalasela ubunzima bento ephakanyiswayo, into ekhuselekileyo nayo kufuneka iqwalaselwe. Isici sokhuseleko sibhekisela kumlinganiselo womthwalo ophezulu ovunyelwe yisixhobo kumthwalo olinganisiweyo, odla ngokuba ngamaxesha angama-1.5 ~ 2. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-chain hoist kunye nomthwalo olinganisiweyo weetoni ezi-2, umthwalo ophezulu ovunyelweyo kufuneka ube yi-3 ~ 4 tons. Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenziseni okwenyani, umthwalo olinganisiweyo kufuneka ujongwe ngokungqongqo kwaye ulayishwe kakhulu. Umba wokhuseleko umiselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sisenako ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo xa isixhobo sigugile kancinci okanye kwenzeka ingozi ngexesha lokusebenza. Ngokwemigaqo ekhuselekileyo yokhuseleko, into ekhuselekileyo ye-chain hoist ayiyi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-1.5. Abaqhubi kufuneka bawuqwalasele ngokupheleleyo lo mba xa bekhetha izixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwesixhobo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

3. Ulawulo lwenkqubo yokusebenza

3.1 Tsala ngokulinganayo
Ngethuba lokusebenza kwe-hand chain hoist, ukutsala ikhonkco lesandla ngokulinganayo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuthintela ukugqithiswa. Uyilo lwetsheyini lokunyuswa kwekhonkco lesandla lusekwe kuluhlu oluthile loxinzelelo. Ukuba amandla anamandla kakhulu okanye angalingani, ikhonkco liya kuba phantsi koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo okwangoku, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa umngcipheko wokulayisha ngaphezulu. Ngokutsho kwedatha yovavanyo olufanelekileyo, xa amandla okutsala ikhonkco edlula i-20% yoxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo, izinga lokunxiba lekhonkco liya kunyuka nge-30%, kwaye ikhonkco inokukhubazeka okanye iphulwe. Ngoko ke, xa utsala ikhonkco, umqhubi kufuneka agcine isigxina kunye nokunyanzeliswa ukunqanda i-jerk ngokukhawuleza okanye ukumisa ngokukhawuleza. Ukongezelela, isalathiso se-chain chain kufuneka sibe kwinqwelo-moya efanayo kunye nevili le-chain chain ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kwekhonkco kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhatshazwa okongeziweyo okubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwekhonkco okanye i-jamming.

3.2 Ukubeka iliso kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga
Ngethuba lokusebenza kwe-hand chain hoist, ukujonga ixesha langempela kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga zezixhobo ngundoqo wokuthintela ukugqithiswa. Umsebenzisi kufuneka anike ingqwalasela enkulu kwisimo sokusebenza kwe-hand chain hoist. Nje ukuba kufunyenwe into engaqhelekanga, utyando kufuneka lunqunyanyiswe ngoko nangoko kwaye lukhangelwe. Umzekelo, ukuba uziva unzima ngokungaqhelekanga xa utsala ikhonkco, inokuba luphawu lwejam yekhonkco okanye ukulayisha ngaphezulu. Ngokwezibalo zoshishino, malunga ne-80% yokungaphumeleli kwe-chain hoist kubangelwa ukusebenza okungafanelekanga okanye ukulayisha ngaphezulu. Ngoko ke, xa umqhubi ufumanisa ukuba amandla okutsalwa kwesandla mkhulu kakhulu kunoko kutsala amandla aqhelekileyo, kufuneka ayeke ukutsala ngoko nangoko kwaye akhangele ukuba ikhonkco lixinaniselwe na, nokuba ikhonkco lixhonywe ngokuqinileyo, nokuba ubunzima bulungelelanisiwe, njl. Ukugqithisa ngokugqithisileyo kwepleyiti ye-friction ye-brake kuya kubangela ukusilela kwe-brake, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa umngcipheko wokulayisha ngaphezulu. Kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uhlolo olubanzi lwentsebenzo yokuqhoboshwa kwekhonkco lekhonkco rhoqo emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-100 okanye ngekota nganye ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokwephuka ngokuthembekileyo phantsi komthwalo olinganisiweyo.

4. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa

4.1 Jonga ukuguga kwamalungu aphambili
Ukujonga rhoqo ukunxiba kwamacandelo aphambili e-chain hoist ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo wokuthintela ukugcwala. Ikhonkco yenye yezinto eziphambili ze-chain hoist, kwaye ukunxiba kwayo kuchaphazela ngqo ukhuseleko lwezixhobo. Ngokutsho kophando olufanelekileyo, xa ukugqoka kwekhonkco kufikelela kwi-10% yobubanzi bayo, umthamo wayo wokuthwala umthwalo uya kuncitshiswa malunga ne-20%. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba kuqhutywe uhlolo olucacileyo lwekhonkco lekhonkco le-hand chain hoist yonke i-50 yokusetyenziswa okanye kwikota nganye, kugxininise ukuba ikhonkco ineentanda, i-deformation, i-rust, njl. Ngelo xesha, ukunxiba kwekhonkco akufanele kuhoywe. Xa ukuvulwa kwekhonkco kunyuka nge-15% okanye ukuguqulwa kwe-torsion ye-hook body idlula i-10%, umthamo wayo wokuthwala umthwalo uya kuncipha kakhulu, onokuthi ubangele ingozi yokulayisha ngaphezulu. Ukongeza, ukuguga okugqithisileyo kwephedi ye-brake friction kuya kukhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwe-brake kwaye kwandise amathuba okulayisha ngaphezulu. Kucetyiswa ukuba ujonge ukunxiba kwe-brake friction pad ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa ngakunye. Xa ukugqoka kwe-friction pad kufinyelela kwi-50% yobunzima bayo, kufuneka kuthathelwe indawo ngokukhawuleza.

4.2 Ukuvavanya isixhobo sokuqhobosha kunye nokunciphisa umthwalo
Isixhobo sokuqhobosheka kunye nokunciphisa umthwalo kwikhonkco lekhonkco lesandla sisixhobo esiphambili sokhuseleko lokuthintela ukugcwala. Ukuthembeka kwesixhobo sokuqhawula kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nokhuseleko lwezixhobo ngexesha lokusebenza. Kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo olubanzi lwesixhobo sokuqhobosha sesixhasi setsheyini yesandla rhoqo nge-100 okanye ngekota nganye ukuqinisekisa ukuba sinokophuka ngokuthembekileyo phantsi komthwalo olinganisiweyo. Ngexesha lovavanyo, ungaphakamisa ubunzima ngekhonkco lekhonkco kwaye emva koko uyeke ukutsala ikhonkco ukujonga ukuba i-brake inokwephuka ngokukhawuleza kwaye ithembekile ukunqanda ubunzima ekutyibilikeni ezantsi. Isithinteli somthwalo ngumgca wokugqibela wokukhusela ngokuchasene nokugqithiswa, kwaye ukuchaneka kwayo kubalulekile. Ngokwemigangatho yoshishino olufanelekileyo, umda womthwalo we-chain hoist kufuneka uyeke ngokuzenzekelayo ukusebenza kwi-110% yomthwalo olinganisiweyo. Kucetyiswa ukulinganisa kunye nokuvavanya umnyinyiva womthwalo we-chain hoist rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu okanye yonke i-200 esetyenziswayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokuqaliswa ngokuchanekileyo kwi-110% yomthwalo olinganisiweyo ukukhusela isixhobo ekugqithiseni.

5. Uqeqesho nolawulo lwabasebenzi

5.1 Uqeqesho lobungcali lwabaqhubi
Uqeqesho lobuchwephesha lwabaqhubi likhonkco elibalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ukugcwala kakhulu kweehoists zamakhonkco. Ngokophando olufanelekileyo lweshishini, malunga ne-60% yeengozi ze-chain hoist zibangelwa kukungabikho koqeqesho lobuchwephesha okanye ukusebenza ngokungafanelekanga kwabaqhubi. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukubonelela ngoqeqesho lobuchwephesha olucwangcisiweyo kubaqhubi.
Umxholo woqeqesho: Uqeqesho kufuneka lubandakanye umthetho-siseko wesakhiwo, inkqubo yokusebenza, amanyathelo okhuseleko, ukusombulula ingxaki, njl njl. Ngokomzekelo, abaqhubi bafanele baqonde ulwazi olusisiseko lomthwalo olinganisiweyo we-hand chain hoist, iindlela zokuhlola ikhonkco kunye ne-hook, umgaqo wokusebenza we-brake, njl. Ngelo xesha, ngokusebenzisa ii-drills zangempela zokusebenza, abaqhubi kufuneka babe nobuchule kwizakhono zokusebenza ezichanekileyo, njengokutsala ikhonkco ngokulinganayo kunye nokuphepha ukuphakamisa i-oblique.
Iindlela zoqeqesho: Uqeqesho lunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezifana neentetho zethiyori, imisebenzi eyenziwayo kwindawo, kunye nohlalutyo lwemeko. Iintetho zethiyori zinokunceda abaqhubi bafunde ngokucwangcisiweyo ulwazi olufanelekileyo lwe-hand chain hoist; imisebenzi ebonakalayo kwindawo inokuvumela abaqhubi ukuba baziqhelanise nezakhono zokusebenza kwindawo yokwenyani; ucazululo lwemeko lunokuhlalutya iimeko zengozi eziqhelekileyo ukwenza abaqhubi baqonde nzulu ngeengozi zemisebenzi engekho mthethweni enjengokulayisha ngaphezulu.
Uvavanyo lwesiphumo soqeqesho: Emva koqeqesho, isiphumo soqeqesho kufuneka sivavanywe ngovavanyo. Umxholo wovavanyo unokubandakanya iimvavanyo zolwazi lwethiyori kunye neemvavanyo zokwenene zokusebenza. Ngabaqhubi abaphumelele uvavanyo kuphela abanokufumana isatifikethi sesiqinisekiso sokusebenza kwaye bathathe izikhundla zabo kunye nesatifikethi. Ukongezelela, abaqhubi kufuneka baphinde baqeqeshwe rhoqo ukuze baqinisekise ukuba izakhono zabo zokusebenza kunye nokwazisa ngokhuseleko zihlala zigcinwe kwinqanaba eliphezulu.

5.2 Ukuseka inkqubo yokucacisa ukusebenza
Ukuseka isandi senkqubo yenkcazo yokusebenza sisiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo sokuthintela ukugqithiswa kwe-hand chain hoists. Ngokuqulunqa iinkcukacha ezicacileyo zokusebenza kunye neenkqubo zokulawula, ukuziphatha kwabaqhubi kunokulinganisa umgangatho wokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo kwee-hand chain hoists.
Ukuqulunqwa kwenkcazo yokusebenza: Iimpawu zokusebenza kufuneka zifake yonke imiba ye-hand chain hoist, njengokuhlola kwangaphambili ukusetyenziswa, ulawulo lwenkqubo yokusebenza, kunye nokugcinwa kokusetyenziswa emva kokusetyenziswa. Umzekelo, ngokumalunga nokuhlolwa kokusetyenziswa kwangaphambili, kufuneka kucaciswe ngokucacileyo ukuba abaqhubi kufuneka bahlole ingqibelelo yamacandelo aphambili afana namatyathanga, iihuku kunye neziqhoboshi; ngokolawulo lwenkqubo yokusebenza, kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba abaqhubi kufuneka batsale ityathanga ngokulinganayo ukuphepha ukutsalwa kwe-oblique kunye nokuxhoma okugoso, kwaye ukulayisha kakhulu kuthintelwe ngokungqongqo; malunga nokugcinwa kokusetyenziswa emva kokusetyenziswa, abaqhubi kufuneka bafuneke ukuba bacoce izixhobo kwangexesha kwaye basebenzise ioli yokuthambisa ukuthintela izixhobo ukuba zingagqwali.
Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo kunye nokubeka iliso: Emva kokuba inkqubo yenkcazo yokusebenza iqulunqwe, kufuneka iphunyezwe ngokungqongqo kwaye iqiniswe. Ishishini kufuneka limisele isebe elikhethekileyo lolawulo lokhuseleko okanye abasebenzi ukuba babeke iliso kwaye bahlole indlela yokuziphatha yemihla ngemihla yabaqhubi. Nakuphi na ukuphulwa kwemigaqo yokusebenza kufuneka kulungiswe ngexesha kwaye kunikwe izohlwayo ezihambelanayo. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kusekwe indlela yokuwonga ukuncoma nokuvuza abaqhubi abayithobelayo imigqaliselo yokusebenza kwaye banemvakalelo yokhuseleko eyomeleleyo, ukuze kukhuthazwe abaqhubi ukuba bathobelane nemigaqo yokusebenza ngononophelo.
Ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo: Inkqubo yenkcazo yokusebenza kufuneka iphuculwe ngokuqhubekayo ngokweemeko zokwenyani. Ngokuphuhliswa kweteknoloji ye-hand chain hoist kunye nokuqokelela amava okusebenza, iinkcukacha zokusebenza kufuneka zihlaziywe kwaye ziphuculwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, xa iingozi ezintsha zokhuseleko okanye iingxaki zokusebenza zifunyenwe, kufuneka zifakwe kwiinkcukacha zokusebenza ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha zokusebenza zihlala ziyinzululwazi kwaye zisebenza.

6. Isishwankathelo
Isishwankathelo, ukuthintela ukugqithiswa kwe-hand chain hoists kufuna iinkalo ezininzi, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo okukhusela abanzi kunye neendlela zokulawula ezingqongqo.
Phambi kokusetyenziswa, kubalulekile ukujonga ngokupheleleyo ukuthembeka kwesixhobo, kubandakanya izinto eziphambili ezinje ngamatyathanga, iihuku, iziqhoboshi, kunye nawo nawuphi na umonakalo omncinci onokungcwaba iingozi zokhuseleko. Ngelo xesha, cacisa umthwalo olinganisiweyo we-hand chain hoist kwaye ukhethe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zeetoni ngokobunzima bento ephakanyisiweyo, eyona siseko sokuthintela ukugqithiswa. Umzekelo, into enzima malunga netoni e-1, ukukhetha i-2-ton chain hoist yesandla kunokubonelela ngokhuseleko olwaneleyo. Ngokwemigangatho yoshishino, uluhlu olulinganisiweyo lomthwalo we-hand chain hoist yi-0.5 ~ 20 iitoni, kwaye umqhubi kufuneka athobele ngokungqongqo olu luhlu.
Ngethuba lokusebenza, ukutsala ikhonkco lesandla ngokulinganayo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuthintela ukugqithiswa. Idatha yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba xa amandla okutsala ikhonkco edlula i-20% yoxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo, izinga lokunxiba lekhonkco liya kunyuka nge-30%, kwaye linokubangela ukuba ikhonkco lenze okanye liphuke. Ke ngoko, umqhubi kufuneka agcine amandla angaguqukiyo nafanayo ukunqanda i-yanking ngequbuliso okanye ukumisa kaxakeka. Ukongeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubeka iliso kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga zezixhobo ngexesha langempela. Nje ukuba amandla okutsala ngesandla afunyanwe ukuba mkhulu kakhulu kunamandla aqhelekileyo okutsala, umsebenzi kufuneka umiswe ngoko nangoko kwaye ujongwe. Izibalo zemizi-mveliso zibonisa ukuba malunga ne-80% yokusilela kwe-hand chain hoist kubangelwa ukusebenza okungafanelekanga okanye ukulayisha ngaphezulu.
Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa kungundoqo wokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwexesha elide kwezixhobo. Ukugqoka kwamacandelo abalulekileyo kuya kunciphisa umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo wezixhobo. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-chain igugile ifikelela kwi-10% yobubanzi bayo, umthamo wayo wokuthwala umthwalo uya kuncitshiswa malunga ne-20%. Ke ngoko, kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uhlolo olucacileyo lwekhonkco lokunyuswa kwekhonkco rhoqo ngamaxesha angama-50 okusetyenziswa okanye kwikota nganye. Ngelo xesha, ukuthembeka kwe-brake kunye ne-load limiter kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nokhuseleko lwezixhobo. Kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo olubanzi lwesixhobo sokuqhawuka sesixhasi setsheyini lesandla rhoqo kumaxesha ali-100 okusetyenziswa okanye ngekota nganye, kwaye uhlengahlengiso kwaye uvavanye isithinteli somthwalo rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu okanye ngamaxesha angama-200 okusetyenziswa.
Uqeqesho kunye nolawulo lwabasebenzi lelinye ikhonkco elibalulekileyo lokuthintela ukugcwala. Malunga ne-60% yeengozi ze-chain hoist zibangelwa kukungabikho koqeqesho lobungcali okanye ukusebenza ngokungafanelekanga kwabaqhubi. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonelela ngoqeqesho olucwangcisiweyo lobuchwephesha kubaqhubi, kwaye umxholo woqeqesho kufuneka ugubungele umgaqo wesakhiwo, inkqubo yokusebenza, izilumkiso zokhuseleko, njl njl. Ukongeza, inkqubo ecacileyo yokusebenza kufuneka isekwe ukulawula indlela yokuziphatha kwabaqhubi ngokusebenzisa iinkcukacha ezicacileyo zokusebenza kunye neendlela ezingqongqo zokubeka iliso ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo kwee-chain hoists.

Ngamafutshane, ngala manyathelo angasentla, ukugcwala kakhulu kwe-chain hoists kunokuthintelwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo kunokuqinisekiswa, ukwenzeka kweengozi kunokuncitshiswa, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kunokuphuculwa.