Nzira yekudzivirira sei chain hoist kubva pakuremerwa?

Nzira yekudzivirira sei chain hoist kubva pakuremerwa?

1. Kuongorora kusati kwashandiswa

1.1 Tarisa kutendeseka kwemidziyo
Usati washandisaiyo cheni yekusimudza, inofanirwa kunyatsoongororwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvese zvemidziyo hazvina kusimba uye hazvina kukuvara. Kuongorora kunosanganisira kana cheni ine makatsemuka, deformation kana kupera, kana hoko ine makatsemuka, deformation kana makona akapinza, uye kana bhureki riri kushanda nemazvo. Zvinoenderana nemirairo yekuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera, kupfekedzwa-kwechikamu chehokwe hakufanirwe kudarika 10% yehukuru hwezita, uye cheni mhete yedhayamita yekupfeka haifanirwe kudarika 10% yehukuru hwezita, zvikasadaro inofanira kumiswa kubva kushandiswa uye kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa. Uye zvakare, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kana goko reketani hoist rine mabumps kana kukuvara kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti chimiro chayo chakasimba kudzivirira tsaona panguva yekushandiswa.

1.2 Simbisa mutoro wakayerwa
Kujekesa mutoro wakayerwa wecheni hoist inhanho yakakosha kudzivirira kuwandisa. Iyo yakarongerwa mutoro wecheni hoist inowanzo ratidzwa pane nameplate yemidziyo, uye mutyairi anofanira kunyatsoongorora kana huremu hwechinhu chakasimudzwa chiri mukati meiyo yakatemerwa mutoro weiyo ketani hoist. Semuenzaniso, kana huremu hwechinhu chakasimudzwa chiri matani 1.5, ketani yekusimudza ine mutoro wakayerwa we 2 toni inofanira kusarudzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwakakwana. Zvinoenderana nezviyero zveindasitiri, iyo yakayerwa mitoro yemhando yekusimudza matani anowanzo 0.5 ~ 20 matani, uye vashandisi vanofanirwa kusarudza michina yematani akakodzera zvichienderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo. Panguva imwecheteyo, muyedzo wekusimudza unofanirwa kuitwa usati washandiswa. Chinhu chinorema chinofanira kusimudzwa kubva pasi pane imwe nzvimbo yakakwirira uye kuchengetwa kwekanguva kuti uone kana midziyo yacho isina kujairika, sekuti cheni yakatsetseka uye kana bhureki rakavimbika, nezvimwewo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti midziyo inogona kushanda kazhinji pasi pemutoro wakayerwa.

2. Sarudza midziyo yakakodzera

2.1 Sarudza zvichienderana nehuremu hwechinhu chinorema
Kusarudza iyo chaiyo chain hoist modhi ndiyo kiyi yekudzivirira kuwandisa. Iyo yakayerwa mitoro yemhando yeketani hoist inowanzoita 0.5 ~ 20 matani, uye mhando dzakasiyana dzemacheni hoist dzakakodzera kusimudza zvinhu zvinorema zvehuremu hwakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, kune zvinhu zvinorema zvinorema anenge tani 1, cheni yekusimudza ine yakayerwa mutoro wematani maviri inofanirwa kusarudzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chakaringana chekuchengetedza margin. Zvinoenderana neakakodzera indasitiri data, kana uchishandisa cheni hoist ine yakayerwa mutoro we2 matani, iyo chaiyo yakakura yekuremedza simba inogona kusvika anenge 2.2 matani, asi kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza, inofanirwa kudzorwa zvakanyanya mukati meyero yakayerwa. Mukuwedzera, kune zvinhu zvinorema, zvakadai sezvinhu zvinorema pamusoro pematani mashanu, ketani yekusimudza yetani inoenderana inofanira kusarudzwa uye ive nechokwadi chokuti inosangana nemitemo yekuchengetedza.

2.2 Funga nezvekuchengetedza chinhu
Paunosarudza ketani yekusimudza, kunze kwekufungisisa uremu hwechinhu chiri kusimudzwa, iyo yekuchengetedza chinhu inodawo kutariswa. Chinhu chekuchengetedza chinoreva chiyero chemutoro mukuru unobvumirwa nemidziyo kune yakarongwa mutoro, iyo inowanzova 1.5 ~ 2 nguva. Semuenzaniso, kune cheni yekusimudza ine mutoro wakayerwa we2 matani, iyo yakanyanya kuremerwa inobvumidzwa inofanira kunge iri 3 ~ 4 matani. Nekudaro, mukushandiswa chaiko, iyo yakatarwa mutoro unofanirwa kunyatsocherechedzwa uye kuremerwa. Chinhu chekuchengetedza chakaiswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti midziyo inogona kuramba ichishanda zvakachengeteka kana midziyo yakasakara zvishoma kana njodzi inoitika panguva yekushanda. Zvinoenderana neakakodzera mirau yekuchengetedza, iyo yekuchengetedza chinhu checheni hoist haifanire kunge iri pasi pe1.5. Vashandi vanofanira kunyatsofunga nezvechinhu ichi pakusarudza michina kuti vave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo panguva yekushandiswa.

3. Operation process control

3.1 Dhonza zvakaenzana
Panguva yekushanda kwecheni yeruoko, kudhonza ketani yeruoko zvakaenzana chikamu chakakosha chekudzivirira kuwandisa. Iyo ketani dhizaini yehand chain hoist inobva pane imwe tension range. Kana simba racho rakanyanyisa kana kuti risina kuenzana, ketani ichaiswa pasi pekunetseka kwakanyanya panguva ino, nekudaro kuwedzera njodzi yekuremerwa. Zvinoenderana neakakodzera data rekuyedza, kana simba rekudhonza cheni richipfuura 20% yeakatemerwa tension, chiyero chekupfeka chetani chinokwira ne30%, uye cheni inogona kuremara kana kutyoka. Naizvozvo, kana uchikweva cheni, mushandisi anofanira kuchengetedza yakatsiga uye kunyange kumanikidza kudzivirira kamwe kamwe jerk kana emergency kumira. Mukuwedzera, kutungamirirwa kweketani yemaoko kunofanira kunge kuri mundege imwechete sevhiri reketani remaoko kuti rive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka kweketani uye kuderedza kuwedzera kunokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kweketani kana jamming.

3.2 Kuongorora mamiriro asina kunaka
Panguva yekushanda kwecheni cheni chemaoko, chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa mamiriro asina kujairika emidziyo ndiyo kiyi yekudzivirira kuwandisa. Mushandi anofanirwa kunyatso tarisisa mamiriro ekushanda kweiyo hand chain hoist. Pakangoonekwa kusarongeka, kuvhiya kunofanirwa kumiswa nekukasira uye kuongororwa. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchinzwa kuoma zvisina kujairika paunenge uchidhonza cheni, inogona kunge iri chiratidzo chejamu chetani kana kuwandisa. Zvinoenderana nenhamba dzeindasitiri, inenge 80% yekutadza kweketani hoist kunokonzerwa nekusashanda zvakanaka kana kuwandisa. Nokudaro, kana mutyairi aona kuti simba rekudhonza ruoko rakakura kudarika simba rekukwevera rinowanzoita, anofanira kurega kudhonza pakarepo uye kutarisa kana cheni yakavharwa, kana hoko yakasungirirwa zvakasimba, kana uremu huri pakati nepakati, nezvimwewo. Uyezve, zvakakoshawo kuti ugare uchitarisa kushanda kwebraking yecheni. Kunyanya kupfeka kweiyo friction plate yebhureki kunokonzeresa kutadza kwebhureki, nekudaro zvichiwedzera njodzi yekuremerwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuita ongororo yakazara yekushanda kwemabhureki kwecheni hoist yega yega inoshandiswa zana kana kota yega yega kuona kuti inogona kubhureka yakavimbika pasi pemutoro wakayerwa.

4. Nguva dzose kuchengetedza uye kuongorora

4.1 Tarisa kupfeka kwezvikamu zvakakosha
Kugara uchitarisa kupfeka kwezvinhu zvakakosha zveketani hoist chiyero chakakosha kudzivirira kuwandisa. Iyo ketani ndechimwe chezvakakosha zvikamu zveketani hoist, uye kupfeka kwayo kunobata zvakananga kuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo. Maererano nekutsvakurudza kwakakodzera, kana kupfeka kweketani kunosvika 10% yehupamhi hwayo, simba rayo rekutakura rinoderedzwa ne20%. Nokudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kuita ongororo yakadzama yeketani yeketani yemaoko ega ega ekushandisa makumi mashanu kana kota yega yega, tichitarisa kuti cheni ine makatsemuka, deformation, ngura, nezvimwewo. Panguva imwecheteyo, kupfeka kwechirauro hakufanirwe kuregererwa. Kana kuvhurwa kwechirauro kuchiwedzera ne15% kana torsion deformation yehoko yemuviri inodarika 10%, kutakura kwayo mutoro kunoderera zvakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzera njodzi dzakawandisa. Uye zvakare, kupfeka kwakanyanya kweiyo brake friction pad kunotungamira mukukundikana kwebhureki uye kuwedzera mukana wekuremerwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kutarisa kupfeka kwebhureki friction pad usati washandisa imwe neimwe. Kana kupfeka kwepedhi yefriction kunosvika 50% yehupamhi hwayo, inofanira kuchinjwa pakarepo.

4.2 Kuedza mabhureki uye mutoro wekumisa mudziyo
Iyo braking uye inodzikamisa mudziyo wehand chain hoist inzvimbo yakakosha yekuchengetedza kudzivirira kuwandisa. Kuvimbika kweiyo braking mudziyo kwakanangana nekuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo panguva yekushanda. Zvinokurudzirwa kuita bvunzo yakazara yechishandiso chebhureki cheruoko chetani chinosimudza chese chinoshandiswa zana kana kota yega yega kuona kuti inogona kubhureka yakavimbika pasi pemutoro wakayerwa. Panguva yekuyedzwa, unogona kusimudza huremu necheni yekusimudza uye wobva wamira kudhonza cheni kuti uone kana bhureki rinogona kubhureki nekukurumidza uye nekuvimbika kudzivirira huremu kubva pakutsvedza pasi. Iyo yekumisikidza mitoro ndiyo yekupedzisira mutsara wekudzivirira kubva kune yakawandisa, uye iko kurongeka kwayo kwakakosha. Zvinoenderana neakakodzera indasitiri zviyero, iyo inomisikidza yekuremedza chetani hoist inofanirwa kumira kushanda pa110% yemutoro wakayerwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuenzanisa uye kuyedza iyo inomisikidza yekuremedza chetani mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega kana mazana maviri ega ekushandisa kuona kuti inogona kukonzereswa nemazvo pa110% yemutoro wakayerwa kudzivirira michina kubva pakuremedza.

5. Kudzidziswa kwevashandi uye manejimendi

5.1 Kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi kwevashandisi
Kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi kwevashandisi chinhu chakakosha mukudzivirira kuwandisa kwemaketani hoist. Zvinoenderana neakakodzera ongororo yeindasitiri, ingangoita 60% yetsaona dzechain hoist dzinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwehunyanzvi hwekudzidziswa kana kushanda zvisina kunaka kwevashandisi. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kupa yakarongeka kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi kune vanoshanda.
Zvemukati zvekudzidzisa: Kudzidziswa kunofanirwa kusanganisira iyo yemaitiro musimboti, maitiro ekushanda, kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza, zvakajairika kugadzirisa dambudziko, nezvimwe zvecheni hoist. Semuenzaniso, vashandi vanofanira kunzwisisa ruzivo rwekutanga rwekuremerwa kwemutoro wecheni yemaoko, nzira dzekuongorora dzeketani nehoko, nheyo yekushanda yebhureki, nezvimwewo. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuburikidza nemadhiraini chaiwo ekushanda, vashandi vanofanira kunge vane ruzivo muhutano hwakakodzera hwekushanda, sekudhonza ketani zvakaenzana uye kudzivisa kusimudza oblique.
Nzira dzekudzidzisa: Kudzidziswa kunogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, senge hurukuro dzedzidziso, pa-saiti inoshanda mashandiro, uye kuongorora nyaya. Theoretical lectures dzinogona kubatsira vanoshanda zvakarongeka kudzidza ruzivo rwakakodzera rwemaoko cheni hoist; pa-saiti inoshanda mashandiro anogona kubvumira vashandisi kudzidzira hunyanzvi hwekushanda munzvimbo chaiyo; Kuongorora nyaya kunogona kuongorora nyaya dzetsaona dzakajairwa kuita kuti vashandisi vazive zvakanyanya njodzi dzekuita zvisiri pamutemo sekuremedza.
Kudzidzira maitiro ekuongorora: Mushure mekudzidziswa, maitiro ekudzidziswa anofanirwa kuongororwa kuburikidza nekuongorora. Izvo zvekuongorora zvemukati zvinogona kusanganisira theoretical ruzivo bvunzo uye chaiyo yekushanda ongororo. Vanoshanda chete vanopasa bvunzo vanogona kuwana chitupa chekushanda uye kutora zvinzvimbo zvavo nechitupa. Mukuwedzera, vashandi vanofanira kudzidziswazve nguva dzose kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti unyanzvi hwavo hwekushanda uye ruzivo rwekuchengetedza zvinogara zvichichengetwa pamwero wepamusoro.

5.2 Gadzira hurongwa hwekushandisa
Kumisikidza inonzwika inoshanda sisitimu ivimbiso yakakosha kudzivirira kuwandisa kwemaoko cheni hoist. Nekugadzira akajeka mashandisirwo ekushandisa uye manejimendi masisitimu, hunhu hwevashandisi hunogona kuenzaniswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekushandiswa kwakachengeteka kwemacheni emaoko.
Operating specification formulation: Iwo mashandisirwo ekushandisa anofanirwa kuvhara ese maficha echanza cheni hoist, senge pre-use inspection, operation process control, uye post-use kugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, maererano nekuongorora kusati kwashandiswa, zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa zvakajeka kuti vashandi vanofanira kutarisa kuvimbika kwezvikamu zvakakosha zvakadai secheni, hoko, uye mabhureki; maererano nekutonga kwemaitiro ekushanda, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti vashandisi vanofanira kudhonza cheni zvakaenzana kuti vadzivise kudhonzwa kwe oblique uye kurembera kwakakombama, uye kuwandisa kunorambidzwa zvachose; maererano nekugadzirisa mushure mekushandisa, vashandi vanofanira kudiwa kuti vachenese michina nenguva uye vozora mafuta ekuzora kudzivirira kuti midziyo irege kuita ngura.
Kuitwa kweSystem uye kutarisisa: Mushure meiyo yekushanda yakatarwa sisitimu yagadzirwa, inofanirwa kunyatsoitwa uye kusimbiswa. Bhizinesi rinofanirwa kumisa dhipatimendi rakasarudzika rekutarisa kuchengetedza kana vashandi kuti vatarise uye nekuongorora mashandiro ezuva nezuva evashandisi. Chero kukanganisa kwemaitiro ekushanda kunofanirwa kugadziriswa nenguva uye kupihwa zvirango zvinoenderana. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzira yekupa mubairo inofanirwa kuumbwa yekurumbidza uye kupa mubairo kune vashandisi vanotevedzera zvinongedzo zvekushanda uye vane pfungwa yakasimba yekuchengeteka, kuitira kuti vakurudzire vashandi kuti vateerere nehanya nezvinodiwa zvekushanda.
Kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza: Iyo yekushandisa yakatarwa system inofanirwa kuramba ichivandudzwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo. Nekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekusimudza cheni yemaoko uye kuunganidzwa kwechiitiko chekushanda, maitiro ekushanda anofanirwa kuongororwa uye kuvandudzwa nenguva. Semuenzaniso, kana njodzi nyowani dzekuchengetedza kana matambudziko ekushanda awanikwa, dzinofanirwa kuisirwa mukati memaitiro ekushanda panguva yakakodzera kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mashandisirwo ekushandisa anogara ari esainzi uye anoshanda.

6. Pfupiso
Muchidimbu, kudzivirira kuwandisa kwemaoko echeni hoist kunoda akawanda maficha, uye kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka kwemidziyo kuburikidza neyakadzama yekudzivirira matanho uye yakasimba manejimendi nzira.
Usati washandisa, zvakakosha kuti utarise zvizere kuvimbika kwemidziyo, kusanganisira zvakakosha zvinhu zvakaita sengetani, hoko, mabhureki, uye chero kukuvara kudiki kunogona kuviga njodzi dzekuchengetedza. Panguva imwecheteyo, jekesa mutoro wakarongwa wecheni yemaoko uye sarudza zvakakodzera tonnage midziyo maererano nehuremu hwechinhu chakasimudzwa, iyo ndiyo nheyo yekudzivirira kuwandisa. Semuyenzaniso, kune chinhu chinorema chingangoita tani imwe, kusarudza 2-ton hand cheni hoist inogona kupa yakakwana chengetedzo muganho. Zvinoenderana nezviyero zveindasitiri, iyo yakayerwa mutoro weiyo hand chain hoist ndeye 0.5 ~ 20 matani, uye mushandisi anofanirwa kunyatso kutevedza chiyero ichi.
Panguva yekushanda, kudhonza ketani yeruoko zvakaenzana chikamu chakakosha chekudzivirira kuwandisa. Dhata rekuyedza rinoratidza kuti kana simba rekudhonza cheni richidarika makumi maviri muzana yeakatemerwa tension, chiyero chekupfeka chetani chinokwira ne30%, uye chinogona kukonzera kuti cheni iparare kana kutyoka. Naizvozvo, mushandisi anofanirwa kuchengetedza simba rakatsiga uye rakafanana kudzivirira kungoerekana yanking kana kumira kwekukurumidzira. Mukuwedzera, zvakakoshawo kutarisa mamiriro asina kunaka emidziyo munguva chaiyo. Kana simba rekukweva ruoko richinge raonekwa kuti rakakura kudarika simba rekukweva remazuva ese, kushanda kunofanirwa kumiswa nekukasika uye kutariswa. Huwandu hwemaindasitiri hunoratidza kuti inenge 80% yekutadza kwemaoko echeni hoist inokonzerwa nekusashanda zvakanaka kana kuwandisa.
Kugara uchigadzirisa uye kuongorora ndiyo kiyi yekuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka kwenguva refu kwemidziyo. Kupfeka kwezvikamu zvakakosha kuchaderedza kutakura-kuremerwa kwechigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, kana cheni ichipfeka inosvika 10% yedhayamita yayo, simba rayo rekutakura mutoro richaderedzwa ne20%. Naizvozvo, zvinokurudzirwa kuita ongororo yakadzama yeketani hoist cheni nguva dzese dzekushandisa makumi mashanu kana kota yega yega. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuvimbika kwebhureki uye mutoro wemuganho wakanangana nekuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuitisa bvunzo yakazara yechishandiso chebhureki cheruoko cheni inosimudza nguva dzese dzekushandisa kana kota yega yega, uye kugadzirisa uye kuyedza chinomisikidza chekutakura mwedzi mitanhatu yega kana mazana maviri ega ega ekushandisa.
Kudzidziswa kwevashandi uye manejimendi chimwe chinhu chakakosha kudzivirira kuwandisa. Inenge 60% yetsaona dzechain hoist dzinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwehunyanzvi hwekudzidziswa kana mashandiro asina kunaka evashandisi. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kwazvo kupa yakarongeka kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi kune vanoshanda, uye zvemukati zvekudzidziswa zvinofanirwa kuvharidzira musimboti wehurongwa, maitiro ekushanda, kuchengetedza kuchengetedza, nezvimwe zvecheni hoist. Pamusoro pezvo, inonzwika dhizaini yemaitiro system inofanirwa kuumbwa kuti itonge maitiro evashandisi kuburikidza neakajeka mashandisirwo ekushandisa uye akasimba ekutarisa masisitimu kuti ave nechokwadi chekushandiswa kwakachengeteka kwecheni hoist.

Muchidimbu, kuburikidza nematanho ari pamusoro apa, kuwandisa kwemacheni hoist kunogona kudzivirirwa zvinobudirira, kushanda kwakachengeteka kwemidziyo kunogona kuvimbiswa, kuitika kwetsaona kunogona kuderedzwa, uye kushanda zvakanaka kunogona kuvandudzwa.