Pazifukwa ziti zomwe chokweza cha unyolo chamanja chidzadzaza

Pazifukwa ziti zomwe chokweza cha unyolo chamanja chidzadzaza
The hand chain hoist ndi chida chodziwika bwino chonyamulira pamanja, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ambiri monga mafakitale, mayendedwe, ndi zomangamanga. Komabe, pakugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni, ngati ntchitoyo ili yosayenera kapena zinthu zina zazikulu zimanyalanyazidwa, cholumikizira chamanja cha unyolo chikhoza kuchulukirachulukira, chomwe sichidzangokhudza moyo wautumiki wa zida, komanso zingayambitse ngozi zoopsa zachitetezo. Nkhaniyi iwunika mozama zochitika zosiyanasiyana za kuchulukitsitsa kwa unyolo wamanja ndikupereka njira zodzitetezera ndi zothetsera.

1. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuchulukana kwa unyolo wamanja

(I) Kugwira ntchito molakwika
Kulephera kusankha bwino chitsanzo: Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chingwe chokweza pamanja, ngati katundu wowerengedwa wa chitsanzo chosankhidwa ndi wocheperapo kusiyana ndi kulemera kwenikweni kwa chinthu cholemera chomwe chiyenera kunyamulidwa, n'zosavuta kuyambitsa mochulukira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chinthu cholemera cha matani 5 chikufunika kukwezedwa, koma chokwera cha unyolo chamanja chokhala ndi matani a 3 chimasankhidwa, izi mwachiwonekere zidzapangitsa kuti chokwezacho chisenze katundu wopitilira momwe amapangidwira panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Kukweza kwa Oblique: Pamene unyolo wonyamulira wa tcheni chamanja umapanga ngodya inayake ndi njira yowongoka yokweza, unyolowo udzakhala ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka, yomwe ili yofanana ndi kuonjezera katundu weniweni wa thumba. Ngati ngodyayo ndi yayikulu kwambiri, ngakhale katundu woyengedwa wa chiwongolerocho ndi wokwanira, unyolo kapena zigawo zina zitha kulemedwa chifukwa cha kukoka kwa oblique, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zichuluke.
Kugwira ntchito mosagwirizana pamene ma hoist angapo amagwira ntchito limodzi: Pazinthu zina zazikulu zonyamulira, ma tcheni angapo amatha kufunikira kuti anyamule chinthu cholemera pamodzi. Ngati chokweza chilichonse sichinagwirizane, zokweza zina zimatha kunyamula katundu wambiri, pomwe zokweza zina zimakhala zopepuka. Kugawa kwamphamvu kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ma hoist ena azigwira ntchito modzaza.

(II) Zida kukalamba kapena kuwonongeka
Kuvala kwa unyolo: Unyolo wa tcheni chamanja ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limanyamula mphamvu yayikulu yokoka. Ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi, unyolo udzayamba kuvala. Pamene kuvala kwa unyolo kumadutsa malire ena, malo ake ogwira ntchito pamtunda amachepa ndipo mphamvu zake zimachepa. Pansi pa katundu womwewo, kupsinjika kwa unyolo kumawonjezeka, ndipo kumakhala kosavuta kudzaza.
Kulephera kwa mabuleki: Mabuleki ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri chotetezera pa chokwezera tcheni chamanja, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chinthu cholemera chisasunthike panthawi yokweza. Ngati brake ikulephera chifukwa cha kuvala, mafuta kapena zifukwa zina, pamene wogwira ntchitoyo atulutsa zipper, kulemera kwake kumathamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka yake. Panthawi imeneyi, unyolo ndi mbali zina za hoist ziyenera kupirira mphamvu zazikulu, zomwe zingayambitse kulemetsa.
Ziwalo zina ndi ukalamba kapena kuonongeka: Ngati mbedza, zida ndi mbali zina ndi opunduka, losweka, mopitirira muyeso amavalira ndi mavuto ena zimachitika, katundu katundu ndi kukhazikika kwa nyundo lonse adzakhala yafupika, ndipo mochulukira akhoza kuchitika pansi katundu wabwinobwino.
(III) Zinthu zachilengedwe
Kutentha ndi chinyezi: Ma tcheni okwera m'manja nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito mkati mwa kutentha ndi chinyezi. Ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo omwe ali ndi kutentha kwakukulu kapena kotsika kwambiri, mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa ziwalo zachitsulo zimatha kusintha, zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu yawo yonyamula katundu. Mwachitsanzo, m’malo otsika kutentha, chitsulo chidzakhala chosasunthika ndipo chikhoza kusweka; m'malo otentha kwambiri, mbali zachitsulo zimatha kupunduka chifukwa chakukula kwamafuta, kuchepetsa kuthekera kwawo kunyamula katundu. Kuphatikiza apo, malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri angayambitse dzimbiri pazigawo monga maunyolo, kukulitsa kukangana ndi mavalidwe, motero kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito anthawi zonse ndi magwiridwe antchito onyamula katundu.
Malo ogwirira ntchito osagwirizana kapena osasunthika: Ngati nsonga yothandizira ya unyolo wokwerayo ndi yosagwirizana kapena yosakhazikika, monga ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda wofewa, otsetsereka kapena nsanja zogwedeza, chokweracho chikhoza kugwedezeka kapena kugwedezeka panthawi yokweza, kuchititsa mphamvu zosagwirizana pa unyolo ndi zigawo zina, kuonjezera chiopsezo chodzaza.

2. Momwe mungapewere kuchuluka kwa ma chain hoists

(I) Kusankha bwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito

Sankhani chitsanzo choyenera malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni: Litikusankha chokwezera unyolo, muyenera kumvetsetsa bwino kulemera, mawonekedwe, kukula ndi malo ogwirira ntchito a chinthu cholemera chomwe chikukwezedwa, ndikusankha chitsanzo chokhala ndi katundu wolemera kwambiri kuposa kapena wofanana ndi kulemera kwa chinthu cholemera, ndipo ganizirani chinthu china chotetezera. Nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti asankhe chokwezera unyolo chomwe chimakhala chachikulu kuposa 50% kuposa kulemera kwa chinthu chokwezedwa.

Gwirani ntchito motsatira njira zogwirira ntchito: Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuphunzitsidwa zaukadaulo ndikuzindikira kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera ndi kusamala kwa tcheni chokwera. Panthawi yokweza, sungani unyolo wolunjika kuti musanyamule oblique; pamene ma hoist angapo amagwira ntchito limodzi, onetsetsani kuti ntchitoyo ilumikizidwa ndipo katunduyo amagawidwa mofanana.
Kuyang'anitsitsa ndi kukonza nthawi zonse: Musanagwiritse ntchito, yang'anani mosamala ngati mawonekedwe a tcheni cham'manja chawonongeka, chopunduka, chosweka, ndi zina zotero, ngati tchenicho chili cholimba, chopindika kapena chopindika, komanso ngati brakeyo ndi yovuta komanso yodalirika. Nthawi zonse sungani cholumikizira chamanja cha unyolo, kuphatikiza kuyeretsa, kudzoza unyolo ndi magawo opatsirana, m'malo mwa zida zovunda kwambiri, ndi zina zambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino.

(II) Kulimbitsa kasamalidwe ka zida
Khazikitsani mafayilo a zida: Nambala cholumikizira cham'manja chilichonse, khazikitsani mafayilo atsatanetsatane a zida, lembani zomwe zidanenedwa, zitsanzo, mphamvu zonyamulira zida, wopanga, tsiku lopangira, nthawi yogula, zolemba zokonza ndi zidziwitso zina, kuti athe kuyang'anira ndikutsata kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zida.
Kuyang'ana nthawi zonse ndikuchotsa: Mogwirizana ndi malamulo ndi miyezo yoyenera, yang'anani nthawi zonse ndikuyesa cholumikizira chamanja, monga kuyezetsa mokwanira komanso kuyesa magwiridwe antchito kamodzi pachaka. Zokweza maunyolo am'manja zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, ndizokalamba kwambiri, kapena sizingakwaniritse zofunikira zachitetezo pambuyo pokonzanso kangapo ziyenera kuthetsedwa munthawi yake kuti zipewe ngozi zachitetezo monga kulemedwa ndi zida zokalamba.
(III) Kupititsa patsogolo malo ogwirira ntchito
Onetsetsani kuti malo ogwirira ntchito ndi ophwanyika komanso osasunthika: Musanagwiritse ntchito chingwe cholumikizira manja, yang'anani ndikukonza malo ogwirira ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuti mfundo zothandizira ndi zathyathyathya, zolimba, zokhazikika, komanso zokhoza kunyamula kulemera konse kwa chiwombankhanga ndi chinthu cholemera. Pewani kuzigwiritsa ntchito pamalo osagwirizana kapena ofewa kuti chiwongolero chigwedezeke kapena kupendekera pakukweza.
Yang'anirani kutentha ndi chinyezi: Yesani kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito chonyamulira cha tcheni chamanja pamalo omwe kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri. Ngati sichingapewedwe, njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kuchitidwa, monga kutenthetsa chivundikirocho musanachigwiritse ntchito pamalo otsika kutentha, ndi kuyeretsa ndi kuumitsa zipangizo panthawi yake mutatha kuzigwiritsa ntchito pamalo otsika kwambiri, kuti muchepetse zotsatira za zinthu zachilengedwe pakugwira ntchito kwa chingwe chamanja.

3. Zowopsa zodzaza kwambiri tcheni chamanja
Kuwonongeka kwa zida: Kuchulukirachulukira kumapangitsa kuti zigawo zazikulu za tcheni cham'manja, monga unyolo, magiya, ndi mbedza, kupirira kupsinjika kwambiri, kufulumizitsa mavalidwe awo ndi kutopa kwawo, ndikuyambitsa mavuto monga kupunduka kwa gawo ndi kusweka, kufupikitsa moyo wautumiki wa zida, ndikuwonjezera mtengo wokonza ndi kutsika kwa zida.
Kuwonjezeka kwa ngozi zachitetezo: Kugwira ntchito mochulukira kungayambitse ngozi zachitetezo, monga kugwa kwazinthu zolemetsa, kugwa kwamitengo, ndi zina zotere, zomwe zimawopseza kwambiri chitetezo cha moyo wa ogwira ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito ozungulira, komanso zitha kuwononga zida, nyumba zamafakitale ndi zina.
Kuchepa kwa ntchito yogwira ntchito bwino: Kulephera kwa zida pafupipafupi kapena kufunika kozimitsidwa kuti azikonza bwino kumakhudza momwe ntchito yonyamulira ikuyendera, kuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito, ndikuchedwetsa kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito.

4. Kusanthula nkhani
Mlandu 1: Ngozi yochulukira ya tcheni chamanja pafakitale
Panthawi yonyamula zida, fakitale ina idasankha cholumikizira tcheni chamanja chokhala ndi matani a 2 kuti chinyamule zida zolemera matani atatu chifukwa cha kusasamala kwa woyendetsa. Panthawi yokweza, unyolo wa hoist unasweka mwadzidzidzi ndipo zida zinagwa. Mwamwayi, ogwira ntchito pamalowa adasamutsidwa munthawi yake ndipo palibe ovulala omwe adachitika, koma zida zidawonongeka kwambiri, zomwe zidabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwachuma kufakitale. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha ngoziyi chinali chakuti chitsanzo cha cholumikizira chamanja sichinasankhidwe bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azigwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukira, ndipo unyolo sunathe kupirira kupsinjika kwambiri ndikusweka.
Mlandu 2: Kuchulukirachulukira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukweza kwa oblique kwa unyolo wamanja
Ponyamula katundu m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu, woyendetsa katunduyo ankagwiritsa ntchito chingwe chonyamulira pamanja kuti anyamule katunduyo mokhotakhota kuti zisamavutike, ndipo mbali yake inali yaikulu. Chotsatira chake, panthawi yokweza, unyolowo unagwedezeka ndi kupunduka chifukwa cha mphamvu yowonjezera yowonjezera, yomwe pamapeto pake inachititsa kuti unyolo uwonongeke komanso kuwonongeka kwa katundu. Pankhaniyi, kukweza kwa oblique kunali chifukwa chachikulu chakuchulukira kwa unyolo wamanja. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo anaphwanya njira zolondola zogwirira ntchito ndipo sanasunge unyolowo molunjika.

5. Mwachidule
Zokweza m'manja zimatha kuchulukitsidwa nthawi zambiri, kuphatikiza kusagwira bwino ntchito, kukalamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa zida, komanso zinthu zachilengedwe. Kuti tipewe zotsatira zoyipa zakugwiritsa ntchito mochulukirachulukira, tiyenera kuyambira pakusankha koyenera ndikugwiritsa ntchito, kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe ka zida, ndikuwongolera malo ogwirira ntchito, ndikutenga njira zodzitetezera komanso njira zowongolera. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kupyolera mu kusanthula zochitika zenizeni, timamvetsetsa mozama za zoopsa ndi kufunikira kwa ntchito yolemetsa. Ndi njira iyi yokha yomwe tingathe kuwonetsetsa kuti tikugwiritsa ntchito motetezeka komanso mogwira mtima ma hoists am'manja, kuwonjezera moyo wawo wautumiki, kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito ndi zida, ndikupereka chitsimikizo chokwezeka komanso chodalirika chamayendedwe pakupanga ndi moyo wathu.