Thaum lub tes saw hoist yog overloaded, qhov tshwm sim ntawm saw breakage yog dab tsi?

Thaum lub tes saw hoist yog overloaded, qhov tshwm sim ntawm saw breakage yog dab tsi?

1. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm tes saw hoist overload thiab saw breakage

1.1 Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawmtes saw hoistthiab chain force tsom xam
Tes saw hoist yog ib qho khoom siv uas siv los ntawm phau ntawv nqa. Nws lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm yog rub cov saw saw los tig lub tes saw log, yog li tsav lub lifting saw log kom tig, thiab thaum kawg nqa cov khoom hnyav los ntawm cov saw nqa. Raws li kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj, qhov nro uas los ntawm cov saw hlau sib tw nrog nws cov khoom ntsuas, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej dhau los, qhov nro ntawm cov saw yuav nce ntxiv.
Raws li tus qauv tsim ntawm tes saw hoists, lub zog ntawm nws cov saw yog tsim los ntawm ib qho kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom ntsuas. Piv txwv li, rau ib tug tes saw hoist nrog ib tug rated load ntawm 1 tuj, qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm nws cov saw feem ntau yog nruab nrab ntawm 4 thiab 6, uas txhais tau hais tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov saw hlau yog 4 mus rau 6 npaug ntawm cov load load. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv kev siv tiag tiag, thaum lub sij hawm ntsuas load tshaj, lub zog ntawm cov saw yuav tshaj qhov tsim ntau yam.
Los ntawm kev tsom xam quab yuam, thaum cov saw nqa cov khoom hnyav, qhov nro uas los ntawm txhua qhov txuas yog sib npaug. Thaum overloaded, kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov saw txuas yuav nce sai. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv mechanics, qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov saw txuas yog proportional rau qhov nro thiab inversely proportional rau qhov cross-sectional cheeb tsam ntawm cov saw txuas. Thaum qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov saw txuas ntau tshaj qhov kev tawm dag zog ntawm cov khoom siv, cov saw txuas yuav ua rau cov yas deformation; yog tias nws ntxiv tshaj qhov tensile lub zog ntawm cov khoom, cov saw txuas yuav tawg.
Hauv kev siv tiag tiag, kev sib tsoo ntawm tes saw hoists tshwm sim ib ntus. Raws li cov txheeb cais, nyob rau hauv tes saw hoist xwm txheej, saw breakage tshwm sim los ntawm overload accounts rau siab li 70%. Piv txwv li, nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho, ib lub tes saw hoist nrog cov ntsuas ntawm 3 tons tau siv los nqa 5-tuj qhov hnyav. Yog li ntawd, cov saw dheev tawg thaum lub sij hawm nqa cov txheej txheem, ua rau qhov hnyav poob, ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm raug mob. Qhov kev huam yuaj no qhia txog qhov kev hem thawj loj heev ntawm kev thauj mus los rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm tes saw hoist chains.

2. Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg

2.1 Degree ntawm overload
Lub degree ntawm overload yog ib qho ntawm cov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg ntawm tes saw hoists. Raws li cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev sim cuam tshuam, thaum lub load ntawm cov saw hoist tshaj 10% ntawm qhov ntsuas load, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg yuav nce ntxiv. Piv txwv li, rau ib tug saw hoist nrog ib tug rated load ntawm 1 tuj, thaum lub sij hawm load mus txog 1.1 tons, qhov tshwm sim ntawm saw breakage yog hais txog 5%; thiab thaum lub load nce mus txog 150% ntawm qhov ntsuas load, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg yuav nce mus rau ntau dua 30%.
Qhov kev nce hauv qhov tshwm sim no feem ntau yog vim muaj qee yam kev nyab xeeb tau raug txiav txim siab hauv kev tsim cov saw hlau, tab sis overload yuav tawg sai sai rau qhov kev nyab xeeb no. Noj ib yam khoom ntawm cov saw hoist ua piv txwv, qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm nws cov saw yog 5, uas yog, nws yuav tsis tawg li ntawm 5 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas load hauv txoj kev xav. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev sim tiag tiag, thaum lub load nce mus txog 2 npaug ntawm cov khoom ntsuas, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg yog ze rau 20%. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias qhov siab dua ntawm qhov overload, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov saw tawg ntau dua.

2.2 Cov khoom siv saw thiab zoo
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv saw thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Cov saw hlau zoo feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau alloy uas muaj zog, thiab lawv lub zog tensile thiab lub zog tawm los yog ntau dua li cov hlau zoo tib yam. Piv txwv li, lub zog tensile ntawm high-zoo alloy steel chains tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1200 MPa, thaum lub zog tensile ntawm cov hlau zoo tib yam yog 800 MPa. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nyob rau hauv tib lub overloading mob, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg ntawm high-zoo alloy steel chains yog tsawg dua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov saw hlau tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau nws qhov zoo. Lub zog ntawm qhov vuam taw tes ntawm cov saw hlau nrog cov txheej txheem vuam tsis zoo yuav qis dua li qib ib txwm muaj. Raws li kev tshawb fawb muaj feem xyuam, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov saw hlau uas tsis muaj zog vuam tsis txaus yuav yog 15% siab dua ntawm cov saw hlau uas tsim nyog vuam zoo hauv qab 10% dhau. Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv saw thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ncaj qha txiav txim siab nws txoj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej overload.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, lub degree ntawm overload thiab cov khoom thiab zoo ntawm cov saw hoist yog ob yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm chain breakage ntawm tes saw hoist. Tshaj dhau yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov saw tawg, thaum cov khoom siv saw hlau zoo thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo no rau qee yam. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv lub tes saw hoist, nruj me ntsis ua raws li qhov ntsuas load thiab xaiv cov saw hlau zoo yog cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb los xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv.

3. Kev ntsuam xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev puas tsuaj hauv kev siv tiag tiag

3.1 Kev txheeb xyuas raws li cov xwm txheej xwm txheej
Raws li kev txheeb cais ntawm cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam, overloading nyiaj rau siab li 70% ntawm cov saw hoist chain fractures. Piv txwv li, nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho, lub saw hoist nrog qhov ntsuas ntawm 3 tons tau siv los nqa 5-tuj qhov hnyav. Yog li ntawd, cov saw dheev tawg thaum lub sij hawm nqa cov txheej txheem, ua rau qhov hnyav poob, ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm raug mob. Kev soj ntsuam ntxiv pom tau tias thaum lub load ntawm cov saw hoist tshaj 10% ntawm qhov ntsuas load, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg tau nce ntxiv, thiab thaum lub load mus txog 150% ntawm cov khoom ntsuas, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg yuav nce mus rau ntau dua 30%.
Raws li kev lag luam txheeb cais, overloading yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv tiag tiag siv ntawm saw hoists, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib co me me kev lag luam thiab cov chaw tsim kho. Vim tsis muaj kev tswj xyuas nruj thiab kev saib xyuas, overloading ntawm saw hoists feem ntau tshwm sim. Raws li kev txheeb cais tsis tiav, nyob rau hauv tsib xyoos dhau los, muaj 120 saw hoist chain fractures tshwm sim los ntawm overloading, accounting rau 68% ntawm tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm saw hoist xwm txheej. Cov xwm txheej no tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau kev poob nyiaj txiag loj, tab sis kuj ua rau ntau tus neeg raug mob.
3.2 Theoretical xam thiab simulation
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev xam qhov theoretical, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg ntawm tes saw hoist chains tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam los ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab thiab qhov tshwm sim txheeb xyuas. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv mechanics, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg yog ze ze rau kev ntxhov siab nws raug rau thiab lub zog tensile ntawm cov khoom. Thaum qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov saw ntau tshaj qhov tawm los lub zog ntawm cov khoom, cov saw yuav undergo yas deformation; yog tias nws ntxiv tshaj qhov tensile lub zog ntawm cov khoom, cov saw yuav tawg.
Noj ib yam khoom ntawm tes saw hoist ua piv txwv, qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm nws cov saw yog 5, uas yog, nws yuav tsis tawg li ntawm 5 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas load hauv txoj kev xav. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev sim tiag tiag, thaum lub load nce mus txog 2 npaug ntawm cov khoom ntsuas, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg yog ze rau 20%. Los ntawm kev simulation simulation, cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias thaum lub overload degree yog 10%, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg yog li 5%; thiab thaum lub overload degree nce mus txog 50%, qhov tshwm sim ntawm breakage yuav nce sharply mus rau 25%.
Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev simulating cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm tes saw hoist chains nyob rau hauv txawv overload tej yam kev mob los ntawm finite caij tsom xam, qhov tshwm sim ntawm saw breakage yuav raug kwv yees ntau dua. Cov txiaj ntsig simulation qhia tau hais tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov degree ntawm overload, tab sis kuj tseem muaj feem xyuam nrog rau yam xws li thawj qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov saw thiab cov khoom qaug zog ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, yog tias muaj qhov me me me me tawg hauv cov saw hlau, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg yuav ntau zaus ntau dua li ntawm cov saw hlau tsis raug.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg thaum lub tes saw hoist yog overloaded tuaj yeem soj ntsuam ntau dua los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib tsoo cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais thiab theoretical xam thiab simulation. Cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb no muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev siv kev nyab xeeb ntawm tes saw hoists.

4. Kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv cov saw hlau tawg

4.1 Kev siv tes saw hoists kom raug
Kev siv tes saw hoists kom raug yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv cov saw hlau tawg. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum nruj me ntsis ua haujlwm raws li qhov ntsuas ntawm cov khoom siv thiab txwv tsis pub tshaj. Raws li kev txheeb cais, overloading yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawg ntawm tes saw hoists, suav txog li 70%. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej siv, qhov ntsuas load thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias ob qhov sib tw.
Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, xyuas kom meej tias cov saw ntawm tes saw hoist raug tshem tawm vertically kom tsis txhob rub oblique. Lub oblique rub yuav ua rau kom lub zog ntawm cov saw, ua rau cov saw hlau co yooj yim thaum lub sij hawm nqa, thiab txawm deformation thiab hnav. Piv txwv li, ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho, tus neeg teb xov tooj rub lub tes saw hoist obliquely, ua rau lub zog tsis sib xws ntawm cov saw, thiab thaum kawg cov saw hlau tawg thaum lub sijhawm nqa, ua rau cov khoom puas thiab raug mob ntawm tus kheej.
Thaum rub lub saw, lub zog yuav tsum nyob ruaj khov kom tsis txhob rub thiab yanking. Sudden thiab muaj zog rub yuav ua rau cov saw hlau jam los yog tawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej overload, qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia kev cob qhia thiab paub txog cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm kom raug kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm tes saw hoist.

4.2 Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua
Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb lav kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb ntawm tes saw hoist saw. Ua ntej, cov saw hlau yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tag nrho, suav nrog seb txhua qhov txuas ntawm cov saw hlau puas hnav, deformed lossis tawg. Raws li kev tshawb fawb cuam tshuam, kev hnav ntawm cov saw yuav txo qis nws lub zog tensile. Thaum hnav ntawm cov saw mus txog 10% ntawm nws txoj kab uas hla, nws lub zog tensile yuav raug txo los ntawm 20%. Yog li ntawd, kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm saw saw thiab hloov raws sij hawm ntawm cov saw hnyav hnyav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv cov saw hlau tawg.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lwm qhov ntawm tes saw hoist, xws li hooks, sprockets, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas. Deformation los yog tawg nyob rau hauv tus nuv yuav ua rau lub luj tshib, thaum hnav ntawm lub sprocket yuav cuam tshuam rau lub cev ua hauj lwm ntawm cov saw thiab nce lub zog ntawm cov saw. Tsis tu ncua lubrication ntawm cov saw thiab sprocket tuaj yeem txo kev sib txhuam thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov saw hlau. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov saw hlau tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv los ntawm ntau dua 30%.
Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tsim kom muaj ib qho kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tsis tu ncua los sau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kom pom cov teeb meem tshwm sim thiab ntsuas tau raws sijhawm. Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab tau tsim ib qho kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tsis tu ncua, ua qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm tes saw hoist txhua lub hlis, hloov cov saw hlau hnyav hnyav kom raws sijhawm, thiab txo qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov saw hlau tawg.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov saw hlau tawg tuaj yeem txo tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj ntseg ntawm cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau los ntawm kev siv cov tes saw hoist kom raug thiab kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua.

5. Cov ntsiab lus
Los ntawm kev kawm tob txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm saw hoist overload thiab saw breakage, ua ke nrog cov xwm txheej tiag tiag, kev suav cov theoretical thiab simulations, thiab kev sib tham txog kev tiv thaiv, cov lus xaus hauv qab no tuaj yeem kos:
5.1 Overload yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw hlau tawg
Tshaj dhau yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw hlau tawg hauv cov saw hoists, suav txog li 70%. Thaum lub load ntawm cov saw hoist tshaj 10% ntawm qhov ntsuas load, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg yuav nce ntxiv; thiab thaum lub load nce mus txog 150% ntawm qhov ntsuas load, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg tau nce mus rau ntau dua 30%. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias qhov siab dua ntawm qhov overload, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov saw tawg ntau dua.
5.2 Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv saw thiab zoo
Cov khoom siv thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov saw hlau muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg. Cov saw hlau zoo feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau hlau uas muaj zog, nrog lub zog tensile txog li 1200 MPa, thaum lub zog tensile ntawm cov hlau zoo tib yam tsuas yog 800 MPa. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov saw hlau nrog cov txheej txheem vuam tsis zoo, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg yuav yog 15% siab dua li cov saw hlau uas tsim nyog vuam zoo thaum overloaded los ntawm 10%. Yog li ntawd, xaiv cov khoom siv saw hlau zoo thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ua tau raws li cov qauv yog ib qho tseem ceeb txhais tau tias yuav txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov saw hlau tawg.
5.3 Kev ntsuam xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg hauv kev siv tiag
Los ntawm cov xwm txheej tiag tiag, hauv tsib lub xyoos dhau los, muaj 120 qhov kev sib tsoo sib tsoo los ntawm kev thauj khoom ntau dhau, suav txog 68% ntawm tag nrho cov saw hoist raug xwm txheej. Los ntawm kev suav cov theoretical thiab simulation, thaum lub overload degree yog 10%, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg yog li 5%; Thaum lub overload degree nce mus txog 50%, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg yuav nce siab mus rau 25%. Tsis tas li ntawd, finite element tsom xam qhia tau hais tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw tawg tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov degree ntawm overload, tab sis kuj tseem muaj feem xyuam nrog cov yam xws li qhov pib tsis xws luag ntawm cov saw thiab cov khoom qaug zog ntawm cov khoom.
5.4 Kev tiv thaiv zoo
Kev siv cov tes saw hoists kom raug thiab kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua yog cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv cov saw hlau tawg. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum nruj me ntsis ua haujlwm raws li qhov ntsuas ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab txwv tsis pub overloading yog nruj me ntsis txwv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, xyuas kom cov saw hlau raug tshem tawm ntsug, tsis txhob rub oblique, ua kom lub zog ruaj khov, thiab tsis txhob rub thiab rub tawm nruj. Kev kuaj xyuas cov saw hlau tsis tu ncua thiab hloov cov saw hnyav hnyav hauv lub sijhawm tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov saw hlau tawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis tu ncua lubrication ntawm cov saw thiab sprocket tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov saw thiab txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov saw hlau tawg thaum lub tes saw hoist yog overloaded yog ze ze rau qib ntawm overload, saw khoom thiab zoo. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm, xaiv cov saw hlau zoo, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua, kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov saw tawg tuaj yeem raug txo kom zoo los xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tes saw hoist.