Specific test methods for electric hoist braking performance

Specific test methods for Electric Hoist braking performance

Introduction
As a common lifting equipment, the braking performance of electric hoists is crucial. A reliable braking system can ensure that when lifting goods, especially in emergency situations, it stops quickly and smoothly, prevents accidents, and ensures the safety of personnel and property. For electric hoist independent stations that mainly serve international wholesale buyers, a detailed and professional introduction to the test methods for electric hoist braking performance will help enhance customers' understanding and trust in the product and enhance the competitiveness of the product. This article will explore in depth the various test methods for electric hoist braking performance.

The importance of electric hoist braking performance
Safety assurance: Braking performance directly affects operational safety. During the lifting process, if the braking system fails, it may cause the heavy objects to fall uncontrollably, causing serious casualties and equipment damage.
Precise operation: Good braking performance can achieve precise stopping and positioning, which is crucial for working in a limited space or requiring precise control of the lifting position. It can improve work efficiency and reduce secondary adjustments caused by position deviation.
Extend equipment life: Reasonable braking can reduce the impact and wear of various parts of the electric hoist during emergency shutdown or frequent start and stop, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs.

Common electric hoist braking performance test methods
Braking distance test
Principle: Let the electric hoist run under certain load and speed conditions. When the braking device is triggered, measure the distance traveled by the electric hoist from the start of braking to complete stop, which is the braking distance.
Operation steps: Loosen the working brake of the electric hoist and lift the load to the highest position. The system obtains the triggering state, triggering speed and braking time of the electric hoist safety brake by monitoring the signal, encoder and timer of the pole electrical switch, and then calculates the braking distance according to the formula.
Result analysis: The braking distance should meet the requirements of relevant standards, and generally there will be corresponding limit values ​​under different loads and speeds. For example, according to some standards, under rated load and rated speed, the braking distance of the electric hoist should not exceed a certain proportion of the product of the rated lifting speed and the reaction time.

Braking torque test
Principle: Braking torque is a key indicator to measure the braking effect of the brake. By applying a certain torque to the brake shaft of the electric hoist to make it rotate to overcome the braking torque, and measuring the torque required at this time, the braking torque can be obtained.
Operation steps: Adjust the brake of the electric hoist to a normal working state, use a torque wrench or a special braking torque tester, connect one end to the brake shaft, and apply force at the other end. Slowly increase the force until the brake begins to slip or loosen, and the corresponding torque at this time is the braking torque.
Result analysis: The braking torque should meet the design requirements and relevant standards, and is generally not less than a certain proportion of the rated lifting torque of the electric hoist, such as 1.25 times. If the braking torque is insufficient, it may lead to poor braking effect and inability to effectively brake the load.

Reaction time test
Principle: The reaction time of the braking system refers to the time required from the issuance of the braking signal to the start of the brake. The shorter this time, the faster the response speed of the braking system and the better the braking effect.
Operation steps: Use high-speed cameras, sensors, data acquisition systems and other equipment to monitor the time when the electric hoist sends out the brake signal and the time when the brake starts to act during operation. Through multiple tests, calculate the average reaction time.
Result analysis: The reaction time should meet the limit values ​​specified in the standard, usually between tens of milliseconds and hundreds of milliseconds, depending on the type of electric hoist and the control system. Shorter reaction time can reduce the braking distance and improve the safety and efficiency of the operation.

Braking stability test
Principle: Braking stability mainly examines the stability of the electric hoist during braking, including shaking and swinging during braking. A stable braking system can stop the goods smoothly and avoid problems such as shaking and collision of goods caused by unstable braking.
Operation steps: Install an acceleration sensor on the hook or trolley of the electric hoist to record the acceleration changes during braking. At the same time, observe the running trajectory of the electric hoist and the swing amplitude of the hoisted goods.
Result analysis: According to the data of the acceleration sensor, analyze whether the acceleration change curve during braking is stable and whether there are obvious peaks and fluctuations. Generally speaking, the acceleration curve should be relatively smooth without large mutations. At the same time, the swing amplitude of the hoisted cargo should be within the allowable range to ensure braking stability.

Brake durability test
Principle: The performance of the brake will gradually decline under frequent braking operations. By simulating long-term, high-intensity braking conditions, the durability test of the brake can be evaluated to evaluate its service life and reliability.
Operation steps: Install the electric hoist on a dedicated test bench, set different loads and braking frequencies, and perform continuous braking operations. During the test, regularly check the wear of the brake, changes in braking performance, etc.
Result analysis: The durability of the brake should meet certain cycle requirements, such as being able to complete tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of braking operations under the specified load and braking frequency while still maintaining good braking performance. At the same time, the wear of the brake components should be within the allowable limit to ensure its long-term stable operation.

Braking test under static load test
Principle: By applying a static load that exceeds a certain proportion of the rated load on the lifting mechanism of the electric hoist, the braking ability of the brake under extreme conditions is tested.
Operation steps: Hang a weight of 125% of the rated load on the hook of the electric hoist and let it hang for 10 minutes. Observe whether the braking system of the electric hoist can effectively prevent the weight from sliding down during this period, and measure the sliding amount of the weight.
Result analysis: Under the static load test, the braking system of the electric hoist should be able to reliably control the weight, and the sliding amount should meet the requirements of relevant standards, such as not exceeding a certain value. This shows that the brake still has sufficient braking torque and stability when bearing a large load to cope with possible overload conditions.

Braking test under dynamic load test
Principle: During the operation of the electric hoist, simulate the dynamic load conditions that may occur in actual work, and test the braking effect of the brake under such conditions.
Operation steps: Let the electric hoist perform lifting + walking compound actions at 110% of the rated load, suddenly trigger the braking device during the operation of the equipment, and record the braking distance, braking time and stability of the electric hoist during braking.
Result analysis: The braking performance under the dynamic load test should meet the requirements of the corresponding standards, such as the braking distance does not exceed the specified maximum value, the braking time is within a reasonable range, and the electric hoist has no obvious shaking, shaking and other unstable phenomena during the braking process. This ensures that in actual use, even under dynamic loads, the braking system can function normally and ensure the safety of the operation.

Braking performance test equipment and tools
Distance measuring instrument: High-precision laser distance meter can be used to measure the braking distance. It has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, convenient operation, and non-contact measurement. It can quickly and accurately obtain the displacement data of the electric hoist during the braking process.
Torque tester: An instrument specially used to measure the braking torque, such as a torque sensor with a torque wrench or a torque tester, which can accurately measure the torque on the brake shaft to ensure that the test results of the braking torque are accurate and reliable.
Data acquisition system: Including sensors, data acquisition cards, computers and other equipment, it can collect various parameters of the electric hoist during braking in real time, such as speed, acceleration, time, etc., and analyze and process data through professional software to provide detailed data support for the evaluation of braking performance.
Brake performance test bench: This is a device specially used to test brake performance. It can simulate various working conditions of electric hoists and conduct all-round performance tests on brakes, including tests of parameters such as braking torque, braking distance, reaction time, etc., providing strong guarantees for the design, development and quality control of brakes.
High-speed camera: It is used to record dynamic conditions during braking, such as the action process of the brake, the swing of hoisted goods, etc. By analyzing the video shot by the high-speed camera, the stability and reliability of the braking system can be observed intuitively, and potential problems and room for improvement can be found.
Braking performance test process
Test preparation: According to the test purpose and requirements, select appropriate test methods and equipment, and formulate a detailed test plan. Conduct a comprehensive inspection and maintenance of the electric hoist to ensure that the equipment is in normal working condition.
Installation and debugging: According to the operating instructions of the test equipment, install and debug various test instruments and sensors to ensure that their installation positions are correct, the connections are firm and reliable, and perform necessary calibration and calibration to ensure the accuracy of the test data.
Loading and operation: According to the selected test method, apply the corresponding load to the electric hoist and operate it according to the prescribed operating procedures. During operation, pay close attention to the operating status of the equipment and the changes in test data.
Data acquisition and recording: Use the data acquisition system to collect various parameters in the braking process in real time and record them. At the same time, record the important phenomena and situations in the braking process in detail, such as the action time, sound, temperature change, etc. of the brake.
Data analysis and evaluation: Sort and analyze the collected data, evaluate the braking performance of the electric hoist according to the corresponding standards and specifications, and judge whether it meets the design requirements and safety standards.
Report writing: Write a detailed test report, including the purpose of the test, test methods, test equipment, test process, test data, analysis results and conclusions, etc., to provide strong technical support for product improvement, quality control and customer selection.
Factors affecting braking performance and improvement measures
Friction factors: The friction coefficient between the friction pad and the brake wheel of the brake has a direct impact on the braking performance. Too low a friction coefficient will lead to insufficient braking torque and too long a braking distance; too high a friction coefficient may cause problems such as jitter and noise during braking. Improvement measures include selecting suitable friction materials, improving the processing accuracy and surface quality of friction plates, and reasonably adjusting the clearance of brakes to ensure good contact and appropriate friction coefficient between friction pairs.
Brake adjustment: Improper adjustment of brakes, such as insufficient or excessive pressure of brake springs, poor fit between brake pads and brake wheels, etc., will affect braking performance. The brakes should be checked and adjusted regularly to ensure that the pressure of the brake springs meets the requirements, the brake pads fit tightly with the brake wheels, and the various components of the brakes move flexibly and in coordination.
Load factors: The load size of the electric hoist also has an important impact on the braking performance. Overloading will cause the brake system to bear excessive load, resulting in increased brake wear, decreased braking torque, and may even cause brake failure. Therefore, during use, the rated load regulations of the electric hoist must be strictly observed to avoid overloading operations.
Environmental factors: Harsh working environments, such as high temperature, low temperature, humidity, dust, etc., may affect the performance of the brake. For example, high temperature may cause the strength of brake components to decrease and lubricating grease to deteriorate; low temperature may cause rubber parts to harden and crack, affecting the flexibility of the brake. According to different environmental conditions, corresponding protective measures should be taken, such as installing protective covers, selecting lubricating grease suitable for the ambient temperature, and regularly cleaning dust and debris on the brake.

Conclusion
The braking performance of electric hoists is one of the important indicators to measure their quality and safety. Through the above-mentioned test methods, such as braking distance test, braking torque test, reaction time test, braking stability test, brake durability test, braking test under static load test and braking test under dynamic load test, the braking performance of electric hoists can be comprehensively and accurately evaluated. These test methods play a vital role in the production, quality control, installation acceptance and regular inspection of electric hoists, which helps to ensure that electric hoists can operate safely and reliably under various working conditions.
For international wholesale buyers, understanding the test methods and importance of electric hoist braking performance can more accurately select products that meet their own needs and safety standards. When choosing an electric Hoist Supplier, buyers should pay attention to whether their products have undergone rigorous braking performance tests and require relevant test reports and certification certificates. At the same time, suppliers should also continuously improve the braking performance of their products, strengthen quality control and technological innovation to meet the high requirements of the international market for the safety and reliability of electric hoists.

In short, the testing of the braking performance of electric hoists is an important means to ensure their safe operation and extend their service life. Only after rigorous testing and evaluation to ensure that the electric hoist has excellent braking system performance can it gain recognition and trust from customers in the international market and contribute to the safety and efficiency of lifting operations.